1 / 23

Chemistry 121(01) Winter 2009

Introduction to Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Instructor Dr. Upali Siriwardane (Ph.D. Ohio State) E-mail: upali@chem.latech.edu Office : 311 Carson Taylor Hall ; Phone: 318-257-4941; Office Hours : MTW 9:00 am - 11:00 am; TR 9::00 - !0:00 am & 1:00-2:00 pm.

kamana
Download Presentation

Chemistry 121(01) Winter 2009

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Introduction to Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Instructor Dr. Upali Siriwardane (Ph.D. Ohio State) E-mail: upali@chem.latech.edu Office: 311 Carson Taylor Hall ; Phone: 318-257-4941; Office Hours: MTW 9:00 am - 11:00 am; TR 9::00 - !0:00 am & 1:00-2:00 pm. Chemistry 121(01) Winter 2009 December 19, Test 1 (Chapters 12-14) January 2 Test 1 (Chapters 15-16) February 6 (Chapters 17-19) February 27, (Chapters 20-22) March 2, 2009, Make Up Exam: Bring Scantron Sheet 882-E

  2. Chapter 16: Carboxylic Acids, Esters, and Other Acid Derivatives Sections

  3. Chapter 16:Carboxylic Acids, Esters, and Other Acid Derivatives • 16.1 Structure of Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives • 16.2 IUPAC Nomenclature for Carboxylic Acids • 16.3 Common Names for Carboxylic Acids • 16.4 Polyfunctional Carboxylic Acids • 16.5 "Metabolic" Acids • 16.6 Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids • 16.7 Preparation of Carboxylic Acids • 16.8 Acidity of Carboxylic Acids • 16.9 Carboxylic Acid Salts • 16.11 Preparation of Esters • 16.14 Isomerism for Carboxylic Acids and Esters • 16.16 Chemical Reactions of Esters • 16.18 Polyesters • 16.19 Acid Chlorides and Acid Anhydrides • 16.20 Esters and Anhydrides of Inorganic Acids

  4. Carboxylic Acids and Acid Derivatives

  5. Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids • The IUPAC system deals with carboxylic acids similar to aldehydes. • Carboxyl group takes priority and it’s carbon assigned the number one. • Suffix: for -ane ending, drop -e and add -oic acid. • There are two ways to identify substituent carbons in carboxylic acid: numbers or Greek letters.

  6. Carboxylic acid examples • 2-bromopropanoic acid (or a-bromopropanoic acid) • 2-methyl butenoic acid • 2,2-dibromopropanoic acid • or a, a-dibromopropanoic acid or 3-oxopentanoic acid or 3-ketopentanoic acid b- ketopentanoic acid • methanoic acid H-COOH (formic acid) • ethanoic acid CH3COOH (acetic acid) • benzoic acid Ar-COOH

  7. Nomenclature of Esters • Alkyl(R') alkan(R)oate (a two-part name) • R’= Alkyl (R') group is attached to the O • methylethanolate • isopropylbenzoate • ethylbutanolate

  8. Nomenclature of acid halides • Alkanoyl halide (-oyl halide suffix) • or use common acyl name from acid • E.g. chloride of proponoic acid is named as proponoyl chloride

  9. Nomenclature of Acid Anhydrides • Alkanoic anhydride (-oic anhydride suffix) • E.g. anhydride of proponoic acid is named as proponoic anhydride

  10. Nomenclature of Carboxylate salts • Metal alkanoate (-oate suffix for anion) • E.g. sodium salt of proponoic acid is • named as sodium proponate

  11. Physical properties of carboxylic acids • Carboxyl groups exhibit very strong hydrogen bonding.

  12. Acidity

  13. Preparation of carboxylic acids • Oxidation of primary alcohol to carboxylic acid.

  14. Oxidation of Aldehydes • Tollen’s and Benedict’s • Oxidation of alkyl side chain substituted on a benzene ring

  15. Hydrolysis of esters. • Hydrolysis of acid chlorides • Hydrolysis of acid anhydrides

  16. Carboxylic Acids

  17. Preparation of esters. Esterification • acid + alcohol ----> ester + H2O

  18. Esters as Flavors

  19. Fatty acids and Glycerides • Fatty Acids • Glycerides

  20. Hydrolysis of Glycerides: Saponification

  21. Reactions of b-keto acids. • b-keto acids are readily decarboxylated.

  22. Oxidation of primary alcohols

  23. Oxidation of secondary and tertiary alcohols

More Related