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Cleantech Workshop San Diego June 09

Cleantech Workshop San Diego June 09. University of Southampton: overview of expertise, track record and aspirations. Outline. Clean/renewable energy technologies (SUnRISE) - bioenergy - energy in the built environment/buildings - microgeneration - wind

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Cleantech Workshop San Diego June 09

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  1. Cleantech Workshop San Diego June 09 University of Southampton: overview of expertise, track record and aspirations

  2. Outline • Clean/renewable energy technologies (SUnRISE) - bioenergy - energy in the built environment/buildings - microgeneration - wind - wave, tidal and low head hydropower - gas hydrates - fuel cells and storage - clean combustion • Other areas of interest

  3. Bioenergy

  4. Energy from biomass • Joint Research Council funded project on Energy production on farms through anaerobic digestion (£0.75M, 2007-10) www.AD4RD.soton.ac.uk • EU FP6 CROPGEN: Renewable Energy from Crops and Agro-wastes (2.5 M€, 2004-7). 12 partners in 6 countries www.cropgen.soton.ac.uk • Focus on integrated farming systems for sustainable food and fuel production • Integration with biorefineries and aquatic biomass production

  5. Bioenergy • Use of trees for second generation lignocellulosic feedstock for heat, power and liquid transportation • Genetic improvement • Environmental sustainability – LCA , biodiversity, water, climate change • Whole system research • Recent Funding £ 4.5 million • UKERC Funding – Bioenergy • Member of The Porter Alliance for Bioenergy • TSEC-BIOSYS – Whole Systems analysis of UK Bioenergy • FP6 Funding - POPYOMICS • FP6 – EVOLTREE • FP7 Funding – ENERGYPOPLAR • Department of Energy, DEFRA, BBSRC http://www.sbs.soton.ac.uk/staff/gt/gt.php

  6. Energy from municipal and industrial wastes • >£1.5M funding in past 4 years (Defra, EPSRC) • Focus on AD process optimisation for energy production and digestate quality: kinetic studies, microbiology, modelling • From laboratory studies to monitoring of full-scale plants (Biocycle) • Leading role in evaluating resource recovery potential from food wastes and establishing mass and energy balances • Future plans include improved fundamental understanding of factors causing process instability in high-nitrogen wastes

  7. Algal biomass • Wide expertise across the university relevant to bioalgae for biofuel • Biology, Molecular Biology, Marine Biology • Oceanography • Process engineering • Environmental Sciences • Huge global potential to exploit algae - Southampton is UK-leading

  8. Energy in the Built Environment: buildings

  9. Energy in the Built Environment:Façade Systems / Refurbishment / Monitoring / Surveys / Eco-cities

  10. Climate Change:Climate Weather File Generation Tool - CCWeatherGen www.energy.soton.ac.uk/ccweathergen

  11. Energy in the Built Environment: transport

  12. CiViTAS – sustainable transport in cities • EU initiative supporting European cities to install cleaner and more energy efficient transport • Includes 59 cities across Europe involving over 700 transport measures. These include: • Energy efficiency in public transport fleets (25 measures) • Hybrid & electric vehicles (22) • Biofuels and gas in public & private fleets (73) • Car pooling and sharing (39) • Walking and cycling (48)

  13. Fuel consumption can be improved 10-20% just by changing how a vehicle is driven Key areas to change are acceleration, gear changing and braking Other benefits relate to: Reduction in accidents Ride comfort Vehicle wear and tear CO2 and local air quality pollutants No overall increase in journey time Current advice on how to drive to reduce fuel consumption is generalised to cover all vehicles Area of best fuel consumption

  14. Energy in the Built Environment: microgeneration

  15. Microgeneration:UK Micro Wind Trial / Urban Microgeneration > 5kWp < 5kWp

  16. PV generation and electricity demand Microgeneration: photovoltaic and wind Solar Cell Development Grid Connected PV & Wind Full economic value, Building Integrated PV – multi function – offset cost Standalone PV Transport refrigeration, Developing country applications Other Research Areas Matching generation with demand, social impacts of technology, user behaviour

  17. High-efficiency low-cost photovoltaics • Photonic structures • Light harvesting and biomimetics • Fluorescent energy collectors • Third-generation solar cells • Thermodynamics of light Supported by www.soton.ac.uk/~solar

  18. Microgeneration system design & integration • National Solar Test and Reference Facility ( ) • Microgrids and system integration of microgenerators • Stand alone PV and hybrid systems • PV system design for developing countries www.soton.ac.uk/~solar

  19. Wind power

  20. Wind turbines: capabilities • Quantifying the resource • Environmental impacts • Bird strikes • Social acceptability • Materials and structures

  21. Wind turbines: capabilities • Aeroacoustics • Tribology (nCATS) • Design optimisation • Foundations • Grid connection

  22. COWRIE – data management for the offshore renewable energy sector Wind energy: projects • Data management for COWRIE-Collaborative Offshore Wind Research Into the Environment • Vestas Technology Ltd/SEEDA: unsteady aerodynamic gust response and noise • Lloyd’s Register UTC in Hydrodynamics, Hydroelasticity and Mechanics of Composites • ISSC Committee V4 on Ocean Wind and Wave Energy • With RAL on application of infra-red and acoustic emission techniques to blades and Aalborg University on thermal degradation of sandwich structures • Electrical Systems and Subsea Cables –SUPERGEN • Structural Health Monitoring and Corrosion protection –national centre for advanced tribology

  23. Wave, tidal and low head hydropower

  24. Harnessing Ocean Energy: Wave Energy Wave Resource Assessment The use of satellite altimeter data to predict wave resources at appropriate site (in collaboration with NOCS). Energy yields for the Pelamis wave energy converter (in collaboration with PWP Ltd) Fundamental Studies of Device and Array Design Wave energy device optimisation though CFD simulations and model scale testing (OWEL) Farm configurations and Device / Device interactions Analysis of farm configurations and layouts Proximity effects- device / device interaction Energy yields in farm, and model testing

  25. ANACONDA: all-rubber MW wave power device • A flooded rubber tube in the water, anchored head to sea, designed so that the speed of bulge waves matches the speed of water waves. The Carbon Trust’s independent consultants give Anaconda their full approval. Their cost estimate: 6.6p per kWh, much lower that all rival systems.

  26. ANACONDA: all-rubber MW wave power device • Dimensions of a 1MW Anaconda: 200m long, 7m diameter, 12cm wall • Research on the highly novel hydrodynamics of the Anaconda at Southampton is supported by • EPSRC (2008-10), • Atkins • Checkmate SeaEnergy • www.bulgewave.comwww.checkmateuk.com/seaenergy

  27. Ecohydraulics • Small, meso, and mega-scale hydropower development • Current funded projects: - EU low-head hydropower - Swedish Hydropower Industry - Environment Agency - EPSRC / ESRC

  28. Gas hydrates

  29. Gas hydrate – A new energy source? • Hydrates – an ice-like compound, found only in restricted conditions, such as Artic or deep ocean sediments – recently found in Eastern Margin of India • Hydrate contains large volumes of methane gas that has the potential to be future energy resource – • quantification and location of hydrate uncertain - How can this potential be realised? Burning hydrate sample Recovered samples of hydrate X-ray image of recovered sample (Off India)

  30. Assessment of physical properties – help understand impact of gas hydrates • World leading research on dynamic properties of hydrate bearing soils • laboratory testing of both artificial and natural sediments • numerical modelling of large scale behaviour • International research collaborations with • National Oceanographic Centre, Fugro McClelland Geoscience (USA), Geotek (UK), Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (India), CISRO (Australia) Hydrate sample in Gas hydrate resonant column apparatus

  31. Fuel cells and storage

  32. Fuel Cells • Development of Pt-M catalysts for oxygen reduction and hydrogen oxidation in PEM fuel cells (Johnson Matthey/EPSRC) • Production and characterization of novel, high surface area platinum deposits on MEAs (Johnson Matthey/EPSRC) • Synthesis and characterization of titanium dioxide nanotubes and their Metallization (Royal Society) • Development of Biofuel cells (Dstl/EPSRC) • Improvements in Borohydride Fuel Cells (DStl) • Reaction Engineering Environment in Redox Flow cells (Regenesys Technologies)

  33. Accelerated Discovery of Lithium Battery Materials (GR/S27238/01) • Novel low temperature synthesis of LiFePO4 materials • High Throughput Measurements for material optimisation • Results show 90% energy recovery during charge/discharge cycle • This shows that the Li-ion battery is the most efficient way of storing energy on the large scale performance Composition 64 cells under test

  34. FP7 Superlion: Uppsala, Amiens, Soton, • Toulouse, Paris, Phillips, Varta, St Jude, 3D batteries for shape flexibility electrodeposited membrane current collectors electrode materials Coated with MnO2 Ni foam substrate Coated with membrane Stages in 3D battery formation on nickel foam - forms battery of any size or shape !

  35. Spinouts arising from EPSRC projects Liquid crystal template nanotechnology For batteries and supercapacitors £8M capital, 17 employees 1.5 m High throughput materials screening For H storage and fuel cells. £10M capital, 25 employees Contracts from TSB, Shell, Toyota

  36. Clean combustion

  37. Clean Combustion Technologies: from W to GW Biomass combustion Coal combustion Hydrogen combustion Oxy-fuel combustion High-efficiency hybrid combustion systems Multi-scale modelling Southampton leads UK Combustion Consortium: EPSRC grant No. EP/D080223/1 (2006 - 2009) EPSRC grant No. GR/R66197/01 (2002 - 2005) 37

  38. Gas Turbine – Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Hybrid Power SystemEPSRC grant No. EP/E011640/1 (2007 - 2010) Solid Oxide Fuel Cell: 45 % efficiency Gas Turbine: 35% efficiency 38 Hybrid System: 70% efficiency

  39. Discrete Particle Modelling of Fluidised BedsEPSRC grant No. EP/G034281/1 (2009 - 2012) • Multi-scale modelling of fluid flow, heat transfer and combustion • Simultaneous, repetitive fragmentation and incremental breakage included • Mass, momentum and energy conserved during break-up 39

  40. Other technologies/areas • Ground source heat pump • Water resource management • Adapting to climate change (Living with Environmental Change) • Remediation of contaminated land • High speed rail

  41. Unrivalled testbed sites……

  42. Eco Island Project

  43. Cleantech Research • Bioenergy • Built Environment • Transport • Microgeneration • Wind • Wave • Tidal • Low head hydropower • Gas hydrates • Fuel cells • Storage • Clean combustion • Testbed sites • Ground source heat pumps • Water • Contaminated land • High speed rail At the University of Southampton

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