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On-Board-Unit

On-Board-Unit. September 10 th , 2012. Summary. Self-installable OBU Service point network. Guaranteed payment methods. User responsibility. Multiple GNSS capability Augmentation, TTFF. Kilometre registration: no map matching, but Σ[ x,y ]. Detection of fraud, malfunction or removal.

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On-Board-Unit

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  1. On-Board-Unit September 10th, 2012

  2. Summary Self-installable OBU Service point network Guaranteed payment methods User responsibility Multiple GNSS capability Augmentation, TTFF Kilometre registration: no map matching, but Σ[x,y] Detection of fraud, malfunction or removal

  3. System architecture - OBU Charging of toll 3G Enforcement Part of tender NB-345 Physical enforcement Complaints

  4. User responsibility Carry OBU on all roads Follow instructions of customer care Obtain OBU before use of the road User Report malfunctioning OBU Install the OBU Verify the correct functioning Have guaranteed payment methods at all times

  5. Register, obtain and install an OBU Enter User data At a service point Online For verification at a later point in time of entered user data Scan license plate certificate Provide guaranteed payment method • Credit card • Fuel card • Prepaid balance Reimbursed upon return of OBU Pay OBU deposit Personalize Obtain 10 minute installation time for untrained used • Tie with license plate • Vehicle characteristics • Payment means Obtain Personalize Install the OBU

  6. Before the borders 24/7 on all motorways 24/7 on all other roads: max 10 km or 10 min detour In Belgium 24/7 on all motorways: every 30 km OBU service points OBU Service point • Sufficient stock of OBUs • at all service points • In central distribution centre

  7. OBU Service points Post Obtain an OBU Post Replace an OBU Return an OBU Increase prepaid balance Modify guaranteed payment method Online Online

  8. OBU architecture: overview DSRC Removal / fraud detection Power supply GNSS Mobile telecommunication Battery Secure Access Module? User interface

  9. OBU architecture: HMI Current tariff * Correct functioning € 0,11 Malfunctioning OBU Trip cost * Contact customer care! € 12,48 No Guaranteed payment Balance below € 50 ! € Power supply disconnected * Value for illustration purposes only

  10. OBU architecture: power supply • Correct functioning during 24 hours • No loss of functionality after 24 hours Board net of the truck 24 hours of operation

  11. OBU Architecture: DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communication Microwave CEN-278 Beacons (tunnels, urban canyons) Enforcement equipment

  12. OBU architecture: removal & fraud detection Removal shall be detected OBU alerts back-office Fraudulent intents shall be detected (shielding, jamming, a.o.)

  13. OBU architecture: GNSS positioning Accuracy Reliability Availability Time to first fix GPS GLONASS Galileo Compass GNSS 2019 2020 EGNOS GNSS augmentation Mobile data connection - almanac data - ephemeris data - augmentation data Assisted GPS Wi-Fi positioning Cell-site triangulation Beacons Other location services

  14. Kilometre registration using tariff zones … €/km … €/km

  15. All roads, no map matching Distance measured based on [x,y] coordinates Tariff zones can be large areas or small road sections Differentiation of tariffs in time possible Differentiation based on direction possible Capability to implement every 6 months Changes in tariffs Changes if geographical zones Kilometre registration using tariff zones [X2,Y2] [X1,Y1]

  16. Kilometre registration using tariff zones Zone A: 8 cents* x meter • Never assign kilometres to higher tariff zone! 100% of registered kilometers within this area should be assigned to zone A • 0% of the registered kilometers in zone A may be assigned to zone B x meter Zone B: 10 cents* • All registered kilometers in zone B at less than x meter from zone A may be assigned to zone A or zone B 100% of registered kilometers within this area should be assigned to zone B * Value for illustration purposes only

  17. Accuracy: 98%* Over registration: max 0.1% over 1%* Under registration: max 2% under 2%* Key Performance Indicators Measured (average) Real <2% A-E D C B <2% E <0.1% A F 0% < –2% > +1% -0.7% * Working assumptions subject to evaluation

  18. Registration function: thin / thick OBU • Choice thin or thick client responsibility SSP • Criteria: flexibility, updates, accuracy, user information, privacy, VAS, view usage data by Users, etc.

  19. Summary Self-installable OBU Service point network Guaranteed payment methods User responsibility Multiple GNSS capability Augmentation, TTFF Kilometre registration: no map matching, but Σ[x,y] Detection of fraud, malfunction or removal

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