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PAPER 2 WORKSHOP

PAPER 2 WORKSHOP. TARGET: Increase confidence in paper 2 skills and knowledge We will look at: Source skills - activity: How useful Political impact on Scotland Economic impact on Scotland Activity : Source interpretation practice. Skills . Comparison How useful How far How fully

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PAPER 2 WORKSHOP

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  1. PAPER 2 WORKSHOP TARGET: Increase confidence in paper 2 skills and knowledge We will look at: Source skills - activity: How useful Political impact on Scotland Economic impact on Scotland Activity : Source interpretation practice

  2. Skills • Comparison • How useful • How far • How fully TIMING 1 hour 25 mins so: 25 mins for 10 markers 15 mins for 5 markers, 5 mins to go back over your answers.

  3. REMEMBER, REMEMBER!! • EXPLAIN every point you make • Separate every point in its own paragraph • Count your points as you make them • Give as much detail as you possibly can – the more you give, the greater chance you will have of getting a higher grade.

  4. TASK 1 • In pairs, looking at a candidate’s answer for how useful : • 1. What do you think they got? • 2. What have they done wrong/right?

  5. Who’s Who in Scottish Politics Leading figures who may appear in the sources

  6. Willie Gallacher • Leader of the Clyde Worker’s Committee • Imprisoned for sedition in 1916 (Red Clydeside) and again in 1919

  7. John MacLean • Anti-war and anti-conscription campaigner • Devotee of revolutionary Marxism • Arrested for sedition

  8. Manny Shinwell • Leader of Clyde Worker’s Committee involved in 40 hour strike 1919 • Later became ILP MP

  9. David Kirkwood • Leader of Clyde Worker’s Committee • Openly resisted the Munitions Act which resulted in his extradition to…Edinburgh! • Arrested for ‘incitement to riot’ on ‘Bloody Friday’ 1919. • Not as radical as Maclean

  10. James Maxton • Leader of the ILP, Pacifist and critic of conscription and Britain’s involvement in WWI. • Labour candidate in 1922, won Bridgeton seat • Not as radical as MacLean

  11. John Wheatley • Labour MP • Opposed the war • Set up the Union for Democratic Control that campaigned for peace • 1915 he took a leading role in the rent strikes (WC housing was his main issue throughout his political career) • 1916 he campaigned against conscription

  12. Patrick Dollan • Prominent member of the ILP • Wrote for Forward (ILP newspaper)

  13. Mary Barbour • Came to the fore in the 1915 rent strikes in organising resistance to evictions. • Member of the ILP and later became Glasgow Council’s first female councillor.

  14. Helen Crawford • WSPU member • ILP member • Organised campaign to oppose British involvement in war called the Women’s Peace Crusade • Communist party links

  15. Agnes Dollan • Leader of the Glasgow Rent strikes • ILP member and WSPU member • Later Labour candidate • Campaigner of the Woman’s Labour League to support the equality in employment and wages of women

  16. THE POLITICAL LANDSCAPEAFTER THE WAR • ILP and Labour grow • Politicisation of working class due to demands to expand the franchise, socialist teaching by radicals PLUS strict government controls of DORA which prevents strike action and RESULTS in a disenchanted workforce who work long hours without adequate pay rises. Majority turn to the LABOUR party who want CHANGE. While others turn to the ‘law & order’ of the Conservatives to RESTORE the country to pre-war ideals. • Liberals do not recover from the split, popularity declines – uncertainty. • Support for Scottish Home Rule wanes as discarded in 1914. Full Irish home rule is granted in 1922 – in a spirit of unity and togetherness, Scottish Home Rule is dropped on outbreak of war and becomes a quiet minority post-war. • 1928 the Scottish National Party was formed and the issue is re-ignited CONSERVATIVES ILP LABOUR PARTY LIBERALS UNIONISM

  17. Evidenced in Scottish votes in the elections; • 1918, 30% of vote = Conservatives • 1922 40 out of 43 Labour candidates were also members of the ILP • 1922 Labour won 10/15 Glasgow constituency seats • 1924 Conservatives won 38 Scottish seats (compared to Labour’s 26) • 1924 Labour minority government – although short lived (led by Scot Ramsay McDonald) • 1920s overall saw the ILP peak in popularity, 1/3 of all British members were in fact Scottish (300/1000 branches located in Scotland) USE EXAMPLES !!

  18. RED CLYDESIDE/Growth of RADICALISM =Phase between 1915-16 of strikes and demonstrations =Includes the Rent Strikes, Dilution, George Square riots, 40 hour week protest, various company strikes. ‘Tuppence an hour’ engineer strike GEORGE SQUARE – ‘BLOODY FRIDAY’ 31/01/1919 • 100,000 gather to support 40 hour working week • Govt. overreacts and sends 12,000 soldiers and 6 tanks sent to settle disturbances between police and protestors.

  19. SCOTTISH ECONOMY

  20. Scotland’s economy is historically based on: • HEAVY industry = steel, coal, shipbuilding, railways, rubber, engineering locomotives • OTHER: Fishing industry – herring which is exported to European markets, textiles mainly centralised in Dundee, wool industry, agriculture HOWEVER, WWI impact results in dramatic change:

  21. Clydeside BOOM! • Ship ORDERS of £16million • DIVERSIFICATION of industry as ship yards also turn to making aircraft components, tanks and artillery.(Beardmore, Brown, Fairfields) • 24,000 full time EMPLOYMENT • 90% of armour plating comes from Glasgow • Increased PROFITS – 481 warships built on the Clyde during the 4 years of war

  22. FISHING & AGRICULTURE • Navy took over inshore areas of Firth of Forth • Lost Russian and German markets – demand declined • Employment decreased due to voluntarism and conscription • North sea closed to fishing • Fish price rose and eventually rationed • Sheep farming boom – government bought wool stocks

  23. WOMEN & ECONOMY • Women temporarily stepped into the jobs of men • Munitions eg Gretna employed 9000 women • On average, paid 45% less than men in the Jute industry (which is why these industries profited so much!) • Else Inglis – field hospitals • Worked in tram and rail industries, engineering through dilution – areas where women would normally never be seen • Representation of the People Act - vote • Politicised by war through work and rent strikes • First rent strike, May 1915, 25,000 joined by the end of the year.

  24. THE ECONOMIC LANDSCAPE AFTER THE WAR • Temporary boost to shipbuilding to repair and build ships to replace those damaged by merchant navy • Foreign competition ruined textiles industry along with Trade Union disputes and lack of investment • Demand for coal and steel declined • Herring industry never recovered to pre-war levels • Coal – falling orders • Locomotives were amalgamated and production moved south • Decline in agriculture due to loss of workers and emigration – Land raids caused problems COAL AGRICULTURE LOCOMOTIVES HERRING JUTE STEEL SHIPBUILDING

  25. Task 2 • In groups, you will be given two sources. • In the 10 marker – identify the source points, add recall points (as many as you can think of) • In the how useful – identify the OPCR

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