Re-write each sentence correctly

1. Re-write each sentence correctly • i prefer cookies that has chocolate chips said carls sister • the hotel provide each guest with a robe which are available for purchase at the front desk.

2. Answers • “I prefer cookies that have chocolate chips,” said Carl’s sister. • The hotel provides each guest with a robe, which is available for purchase at the front desk.

3. Restrictive Clauses & Non-Restrictive Clauses Restrictive Clause: group of words that limits or restricts to make things more specific or focused. *tells which one or what kind exactly. **Write these notes under your warm-up.

4. Restrictive Clause Example: “I prefer cookies that have chocolate chips,” said Carl’s sister. *Her preference is restricted or limited to cookies with chocolate chips. **It tells us exactly WHICH KIND she likes. **Write these notes under your warm-up.

5. Non-Restrictive Clause • Group of words that add additional information. It does not narrow the focus. **Write these notes under your warm-up.

6. Non-Restrictive Clause Example The hotel provides each guest with a robe, which is available for purchase at the front desk. *tells us MORE INFO about the robes. **does not tell us which one or what kind. **Write these notes under your warm-up.

7. Non-Restrictive Clauses are set off with COMMAS! • The hotel provides each guest with a robe, which is available for purchase at the front desk.

8. By the Waters of Babylon Test write an explanation of the context of the quote: what is happening, who is saying the quote if it’s in dialogue, whom the quote refers to, implications for the characters, etc. 100 words minimum. (Page: 5) “Then I saw the dead god. He was sitting in his chair, by the window, in a room I had not entered before and, for the first moment, I thought that he was alive. Then I saw the skin on the back of his hand—it was like dry leather. The room was shut, hot and dry—no doubt that had kept him as he was. At first I was afraid to approach him—then the fear left me. He was sitting looking out over the city—he was dressed in the clothes of the gods. His age was neither young nor old—I could not tell his age. But there was wisdom in his face and great sadness. You could see that he would have not run away. He had sat at his window, watching his city die—then he himself had died.”

9. By the Waters of BabylonDiscussion • Allusion: the act of making an indirect reference to something • Symbolism: the use of a concrete object to represent an abstract idea

10. Allusions in By the Waters of Babylon • New York City • Appalachian Mountains • Hudson River • George Washington statue (ashing) • Subtreasury Building (ubtreas) • Grand Central Terminal • Psalm 137

11. Archetypes • They are the basic building blocks of stories that all writers use to create a world to which readers can escape. • Without communicating about archetypes, all cultures around the world use them to build their stories. This is called the Collective Unconscious (term coined by Carl Jung).

12. The Hero’s Journey The Ordinary World Most stories take the hero out of the ordinary, mundane world into a Special World, new and alien. The Call to Adventure The hero is presented with a problem, challenge, or adventure to undertake. • Once presented with a call to adventure, she can no longer remain indefinitely in the comfort of the ordinary world. Refusal of the Call (The Reluctant Hero) This one is about fear. The hero balks at the threshold of adventure.

13. The Hero’s Journey Mentor (The Wise Old Man or Woman) The relationship between hero and Mentor is one of the most common themes in mythology, one of the most symbolic. It stands for the bond between parent and child, teacher and student, doctor and patient, god and man. Crossing the First Threshold The hero finally commits to the adventure and fully enters the Special World of the story for the first time. Tests, Allies and Enemies The hero naturally encounters new challenges and tests, makes allies and enemies, and begins to learn the rules of the Special World.

14. The Hero’s Journey Approach to the Inmost Cave The hero comes at last to the edge of a dangerous place, sometimes deep underground, where the object of the quest is hidden. The Supreme Ordeal Here the fortunes of the hero hit bottom in a direct confrontation with his greatest fear. The hero, like Jonah, is “in the belly of the beast.” Reward (Seizing the Sword) The hero now takes possession of the treasure she has come seeking, her reward. Sometimes the “sword” is knowledge and experience that leads to greater understanding and reconciliation with hostile forces. The hero may also be reconciled with the opposite sex. In many stories the loved one is the treasure the hero has come to win or rescue.

15. The Hero’s Journey The Road Back This stage marks the decision to return to the Ordinary World. Resurrection Death and darkness get in one last, desperate shot before being finally defeated. It’s a final exam for the hero, who must be tested once more to see if he has really learned the lessons of the Supreme Ordeal. Return with the Elixir The hero returns to the Ordinary World, but the journey is meaningless unless she brings back some Elixir, treasure, or lesson from the Special World. The Elixir is a magic potion with the power to heal. Unless something is brought back from the ordeal in the Inmost Cave, the hero is doomed to repeat the adventure. Many comedies use this ending, as the foolish character refuses to learn his lesson and embarks on the same folly that got him in trouble in the first place.

16. Archetypes in By the Waters of Babylon • Using the Hero’s Journey notes, label each section of the story as if fits into the archetypes.