Md. Wahidur Rahman Chief Engineer, LGED

1. Low Carbon Energy for Development : an initiative by LGED, Bangladesh Md. Wahidur Rahman Chief Engineer, LGED

2. Presentation Layout • LGED – Mission, Vision and Functions • RE resources in Bangladesh • Major objectives of RE policy of Bangladesh • Environmental promotion campaign by LGED • History of RE interventions by LGED • Prospect of RE project development • Key outcomes & Impacts of RE projects • Challengesof RE project development • Conclusions

3. Introduction to LGED • LGED is one of the largest public sector organizations in Bangladesh entrusted for planning and implementation of local level rural urban and small scale water resources infrastructure development programs. • Among the Government Departments, LGED is the leading one who demonstrates Renewable Energy Technology (RET).

4. Mission Statement of LGED Development and management of local infrastructure for increasing farm/non-farm production, generating employment, improving socio economic condition, promoting local governance, reducing poverty and acting as agent of change at the local level.

5. Vision of LGED To remain professionally competent, efficient and effective for performing the interrelated and complementary functions of: • Developing, maintaining and managing transport, trading and small scale water resources infrastructure by ensuring community participation and taking care of environmental and social issues; • Providing technical and institutional support to strengthen the LGIs and serving local communities and other stakeholders.

6. Rural, urban & water sector Infrastructure Development HRD program for LGED, LGIs and other Stakehol-ders Rural, Urban & water sector Infrastructure Maintenance Develop planning maps, database, technical spec. and manuals Functions of LGED Technical supports to urban LGIs Technical assistance to other Ministries RET Demonstration & environment friendly development Technical supports to Zilla, Upazila & Union Parishad

7. RE Resources in Bangladesh • Biomass/biogas : Very effective for cooking; yet to be proven for wide scale power generation • Solar : Significant • Wind : Comprehensive wind resource assessment study is needed for wind power generation • Hydro : Very limited with some prospects of micro-hydro in the south-eastern part of Bangladesh

8. Major Objectives of RE Policy • Developing RE to meet 5% of the total power demand by 2015 and 10% by 2020 • Harness and dissemination of RET in rural, semi-urban and urban areas. • Encourage and facilitate both public and private sector investment in RE projects. • Promote appropriate, efficient and environment friendly use of RE. • Promote development of local technology in the field of RE.

9. History of RE intervention by LGED • LGED is the pioneer of development of bio-gas plant in mid 1980’s (around 2000 plants of different capacity are installed till 2011) • Solar Electrification in Cyclone shelters in 1990’s. • RET demonstration under Sustainable Rural Energy ( SRE) Project (1998- 2007 ) • Promoted 10 kw Micro Hydro Unit (2006) • Developed low cost water pumping windmill (1999) • Initiatives of Wind Energy Resource Mapping ( 2000-2002)

10. Environmental promotion campaign by LGED • Renewable Energy Technology demonstration • Improved Urban sanitation services • Roadside tree plantation • Waste Management of semi-urban centers • Exhibition on environmental awareness • Eco-village development (Amgram, Modhutila) • Integration of SPV system at newly built buildings/urban infrastructures.

11. Forest residues Animal dung Biomass resources Agricultural residues Poultry waste Biomass Resources Garbage Municipal and industrial solid wastes Water hyacinth Sugarcane bagasse  Jatropha Curcas (JC) trees for bio-fuel production

12. Facilitating Biodiversity Research works Bus terminal Solar Home Lighting System Market Electrification Tribal community development IT Development SPV Pumping Health Care Solar PV Application under LGED

13. Prospect of RE project by LGED • Slaughter house and municipal waste based biogas plant for cooking (on going) (funded by giz) • Solar micro-utility for promoting rural energy (electrification of rural community health clinic) • Solar electrification at Off-Grid Primary School-cum-Cyclone Shelter, UP complex Bhaban (proposed) • Promotion of RE in the urban & semi-urban areas ( under CRDP) • Solar water pumping for irrigation can replace conventional water pump • Solar street light in rural roads.

14. Key outcomes of RE Projects • Through RET demonstration by LGED, root level stakeholders ( NGO, CBO, Individuals) were encouraged in implementing RET’s at rural and off-gird areas . • LGED initiatives regarding RE are being replicated by grassroots level stakeholders • Capacity development of field level technicians in the field of RE • LGED’s environmental campaign (Tree plantation, Sanitation, garbage disposal) can be considered as an approach to CDM

15. Impact of RET on rural livelihood • Solar electricity replaced fossil fuel based lights at rural area and reduced environment pollution • Improves quality of lives through increased working hour and income generation after dusk • Encourage and facilitate mass education. Access to solar powered electronic media provides entertainment, distant education

16. Impact of RET on rural livelihood ....... • The solar powered remote rural health clinic provides excellent medical services to the rural poor. • Solar electrification at rural market increased merchandizing hours and contributing development of rural economy

17. Challenges of RE project development • Technological • Economical • Sociological • Management

18. TechnologicalChallenges • Sustainability:Technology adopted should be sustainable ; e.g. sometimes solar cells, LED etc. show rapid degradation in output. • In case of Solar PV energy storage/battery is a major stumbling block

19. Technological Challenges…. • Location dependence Performance degradation due to dust collection on Solar PV panels. Humidity and temperature can also cause significant problem to the exposed connections – as frequently observed in Bangladesh.

20. Economic Challenges • RET is very expensive. People of a country like Bangladesh can hardly afford this technology. • Micro-credit in Solar PV Home Systems is a solution in Bangladesh. But in case of industrial and commercial application, economic viability is important.

21. Economic Challenges ...... • Due to huge overhead cost, Building Integrated PV system is not yet popularized. • Lack of FDI for rural mini-grid PV system. • For a large scale PV plant, land is a major concern in a country like Bangladesh it raises the question of loss of agricultural lands.

22. Sociological Challenges • Sociological factors influence the acceptability of RET. As for example, some times people tend to dislike usage of biogas for cooking. • Degree of reliability: If the confidence of people is dented once due to lack of reliability, it is very difficult to regain it. • Lack of Community Motivation

23. Management Challenges This aspect is often ignored in RE projects resulting in ultimate failure. • Proper importance should be given to economic viability and sustainability during the planning stage • An effective management system should be introduced for proper O & M. • Poor management is the main cause of failure of small scale RE systems

24. Conclusions • Bangladesh has a good potential of bio-energy resources for power generation. • The agricultural residues and wastes, animal and poultry waste, industrial waste, municipal waste, kitchen waste and market waste can be better used for energy production. • Harnessing RE in remote off-grid and high energy demand areas can be alternative options to promote better livelihood. • Local resource based RE technology implementation can be sustainable and low carbon energy option.

25. Thank you all