NASA Heliophysics Report To ILWS WG 06-12-07

1. NASA Heliophysics Report To ILWS WG 06-12-07 Madhulika Guhathakurta LWS Lead Program Scientist ILWS Chair

2. GO HELIOPHYSICS!! • Hinode, STEREO, THEMIS, AIM, Twin-A all successfully launched!! • Incredible press coverage on these recent launches and early results • Space Weather Enterprise Forum during March in Washington, DC • Solar Cycle 24 Prediction Panel released preliminary prediction in March at NOAA’s Space Weather Week • Coming soon: • STEREO in 3D planetarium show this summer at Liberty Museum (NJ) • Libyan eclipse expedition documentary to be released June 26 • Heliophysics Summer School (see backup charts for details) • LWS science workshop (September 2007)

3. New SMD AA’s Priorities • To advance priorities of Decadal Survey • To get more from SMD budget (some examples) • Control mission costs • More frequent small missions • International partnerships encouraged • Revitalize sub-orbital science program • Streamlined processes inside SMD and for grantees • Proposal and funding triage • Strategic investments in R&A and data analysis across SMD • Zero-sum adjustments to achieve the above • To increase communication with the science community • To support the Vision for Space Exploration through solid science efforts

4. Heliophysics / New Mill Missions Formal Collaboration Interagency JAXA, ESA ESA ESA-NASA Mission ESA. ISAS Interagency Interagency ESA • CINDI Q3-08 Implementation- Development

5. Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) • Mission Objective: Obtain nearly continuous observations of the interior, photosphere, and inner corona of the Sun to develop drivers and diagnostics for solar activity, cornerstones for an operational space weather capability. • Organizations: Project Management: GSFC • Spacecraft: GSFC • Instruments: • Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI): Stanford • Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA): Lockheed Martin in Palo Alto (LMSAL) • Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE): University of Colorado • Management & Integration: GSFC • Ground System: • Mission Operations, Flight Dynamics - GSFC • Science Operations – LMSAL and University of Colorado • Mission Description: Sun-pointing spacecraft in inclined geosynchronous orbit. Nearly continuous science data downlinked at 150 Megabits/second (Mbps). Observatory weighs 3200 kg. Five-year prime operations lifetime. • Launch: Atlas V/401 EELV from KSC in August 2008 • Web site: http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/

6. SDO Instrument Activities Installation of Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) Telescope Assembly #3 (of 4) on plate for the final telescope vibration test. Repolished Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) front window being prepared for measurements on large interferometer.

7. Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP) • Mission Objective: Gain understanding of how changes in the solar activity and solar wind form or change • the relativistic electron and ion populations in the Earth’s radiation belts • Organizations: • Project Management: Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) • Spacecraft: JHU/APL • Instruments: • Energetic Particle, Composition, & Thermal Plasma (ECT): Boston University • Electric & Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS): Univ. of Iowa • Electric Field and Waves Instrument (EFW): Univ. of Minnesota • Radiation Belt Storm Probes Ion Composition Experiment (RBSPICE): New Jersey Inst. • of Technology • Relativistic Proton Spectrometer (RPS): National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) Contributed • Ground System: • Mission Operations, Flight Dynamics – JHU/APL • Science Operations – Instrument-provider institutions • Test Facilities, Project Oversight, NRO Instrument Delivery: GSFC • Mission Description: Two identical spinning spacecraft in 9-hour lapping orbits in the radiation • belts. Orbits are 500 x 30,600 km with 10o inclination. Challenges are high radiation environment, • deep dielectric discharge, data collection strategy, and electric field emissions. Two-year prime • operations lifetime. • Launch: EELV from KSC in March 2012 • Web site: http://www.lws.nasa.gov/geospace/

8. Magnetospheric MultiScale Project (MMS) Mission Objective: Conduct definitive investigations of magnetic reconnection in the boundary regions of the Earth’s magnetosphere. Determine 3-dimensional geometry of the plasma, magnetic fields, and current structures. Organizations: Project Management: GSFC Spacecraft: GSFC Instrument Suite Contractor: Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) Fields - University of New Hampshire Fast Plasma Investigation (FPI) - GSFC Hot Plasma Composition Analyzer (HPCA) - SwRI Energetic Particles Investigation (EPI) - APL Active Spacecraft Potential Control (ASPOC) - donated by Austria Ground System: Mission Operations, Flight Dynamics - GSFC Science Operations - University of Colorado (SwRI subcontract) Mission Description: Constellation of 4 identical spin stabilized satellites flying in tetrahedron formation with 10 to 400s of km separation. Elliptical Earth orbits (~1.2 Re x 20 Re). In situ instruments measure electric and magnetic fields, ions, and electrons. Extensive orbit maintenance and orbit adjust capability. 2-year operational mission. Launch: Four satellites launched together in one EELV from KSC in 2014 Web site: http://stp.gsfc.nasa.gov/

9. Future Missions Heliophysics Division

10. Solar Probe • HUMANITY’S FIRST VISIT TO A STAR - highest priority for a major- • Class mission in the 2003 Decadal Survey. • FIRST “GROUND TRUTH” CONCERNING PROPERTIES AND CONDITIONS NEAR THE SUN - DIRECT CONFRONTATION BETWEEM ASTROPHYSICAL THEORY AND PHYSICAL MEASUREMENT. • UNDERSTAND HOW OUR STAR COUPLES TO THE SOLAR SYSTEM - AND HOW SOLAR PARTICLES ARE ACCELERATED AND INJECTED IN TO PLANETARY ENVIRONMENTS • SCIENTIFICALLY COMPELLING AND TECHNOLIGICALLY SOPHISTICATED MISSION WITH THE FASTEST MOVING SPACE CRAFT EVER AT A SPEED OF .1% THE SPEED OF LIGHT.

11. Solar Probe-Lite Study(intent only) Intend to perform a study for a mission which addresses the implied Goals and Priorities of the Decadal survey Design a mission that can be achieved at a notional budget of about half that estimated by the JSTDT study for Solar Probe Candidate trades may include Non-Nuclear powered spacecraft, Reduced s/c mass, Reduced payload capability, Review choice of orbit/perihelion, and other choices as seen effective.

12. Solar Orbiter/Solar Sentinels • Elements • Sentinels LWS future mission, ranked as high priority (third for moderate missions) by National Research Council in the 2003 Decadal Survey. • Program Future • US Science and Technology Definition Team report complete • Outgrowth of 2nd last Bi-lat: Is it possible to define a joint Solar Orbiter (ESA) - Solar Sentinel Mission that provides scientific and programmatic advantages.? • Joint Science and Technology Definition Team finding scientific goals and priorities for a combined investigation (next page) • Recent ESA-NASA bilateral went well for the joint mission. The results will be made known shortly by the two agencies.

13. Focus of Joint Mission • How does the Sun generate the environment of theinner solar system? • Primary Objectives: • Determine the sources, acceleration mechanismsand transport processes of solar energetic particles. • Determine how coronal mass ejections evolve from • the Sun to the inner solar system. • 3. Determine the origins of solar wind streams andinterplanetary magnetic fields. • JSTDT Report to be finished by September, 2007

14. Where Sentinels will be!

15. SMEX Opportunity • Small Explorer AO announcement in April, 2007 • Draft AO targeted for June 2007 • Final AO targeted for October 2007 • Proposals due 90 days after AO release • Mission cost $105M, not including launch vehicle • Mission of Opportunity allowance $70M • Selections anticipated 4 months after proposals due • Expecting to select 6-8 Phase A concept studies • New experience standard for PI, but only PI • http://explorers.gsfc.nasa.gov/042407.html • http://explorers.larc.nasa.gov/smexacq.html • POC: Dr. Hashima Hasan; 202-358-0692; hhasan@nasa.gov

16. ESA Cosmic Vision • ESA has started a process for “Cosmic Vision 2015-2025” programme • Two space science missions to be selected • medium size mission cost ~300M € (2007€) for launch ~2017 • flagship class mission cost~650M € (2007€) for launch ~2019 • NASA’s role in Cosmic Vision • March 29 “Dear Colleague” letter sent to U.S. community through NRESS email notification service from Paul Hertz • NASA received letters of interest from U.S. community and is assessing the alignment of these missions with Agency goals and priorities • Selected mission concepts that are aligned with Agency strategic goals will receive a letter in response signed by SMD AA • End of June, NASA will receive electronic copies of the proposals submitted to ESA and future decisions will be made • http://sci.esa.int/cv2015

17. Missions In Development -Partnership Opportunities • Solar Probe-Lite Potential future collaborative opportunity (SQ) • Strategic missions MMS and RBSP • Solar Orbiter Sentinels Joint Science Project- • Partnership in a SMEX mission - Response to FY08 AO • MOO from SMEX AO - Response to FY08 AO • Cosmic Vision Concepts • Review of proposals aligned with SMD strategic goals for possible US investigator support as per formula presented.

18. Roadmap Activities TENTATIVE MILESTONES: • Roadmap Planning with Heliophysics Subcommittee:Jun and Sept 07 • Chairs identified, involved in planning Jul 07 • Community Call for Roadmap Team Nominees: Aug-Sept 07 • Pre-roadmap workshops: Fall 07 • Roadmap Team Appointed: Oct 07 • Kickoff at AGU (Town Hall/mini-team meeting): Dec 07 • Roadmap Team Meeting #1: Jan 08 • Roadmap Team Meeting #2, inc. community workshop: Mar 08 • Roadmap Team Meeting #3: Jun 08 • Roadmap status at HPS: July 08 • Roadmap Overview to HQ: Aug 08 • Red Team Review by HPS Sep 08 • Final Roadmap Draft: Oct 08 • Roadmap Publication: Dec 08 – Jan 09

19. Heliophysics A Universal Science • Coupling Sun, heliosphere, galactic environment, and planetary climate • Dynamos in stars and planets • Radiative and electromagnetic couplings http://www.vsp.ucar.edu/Helio_info.html