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The Planetary Society Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment (LIFE)

The Planetary Society Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment (LIFE). Moscow Solar System Symposium (1M-S3) 11-15 October 2010. LIFE. Testing the Theory of Transpermia Survivability of micro-organisms on a voyage between the planets Pathfinder to Mars Sample Return

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The Planetary Society Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment (LIFE)

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  1. The Planetary SocietyLiving Interplanetary Flight Experiment(LIFE) Moscow Solar System Symposium (1M-S3) 11-15 October 2010 LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  2. LIFE • Testing the Theory of Transpermia • Survivability of micro-organisms on a voyage between the planets • Pathfinder to Mars Sample Return • Including biological sample handling • First Deliberate Sending of Earth Life into the Solar System LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  3. Testing Transpermia THE INTERPLANETARY TRANSFER OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL

  4. PHOBOS-GRUNT MISSION Interplanetary Trajectory Simulates Rock Transport Between the Planets Outside the geomagnetosphere • Extreme temperatures • Weightlessness • Interplanetary radiation environment • Earth-Mars space environment • ~34 months in space And round-trip missions in the solar system are rare

  5. Phobos LIFE Team • Science Team • Bruce Betts, Experiment Mgr. - The Planetary Society • Louis Friedman – The Planetary Society • David Warmflash, Principal Investigator - U of Pennsylvania • George Fox - U of Houston • Neva Ciftcioglu – Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc • K. IngemarJönsson, Kristianstad University, Sweden • Joseph Kirschvinck – Caltech, U of Kyoto • David McKay – NASA/JSC • Cody Nash - Caltech • Elena Vorobyova, Moscow State University • Alexander Zakharov, Space Research Inst. • ATCC Team • Marian McKee (Team Lead) • Tim Lilburn • Amy Smith • DLR team • Petra Rettberg (Team Lead) • ElkeRabbow • Ralf Möller • Marko Waßmann • Thomas Berger • GerdaHorneck • Günther Reitz • Engineering Team • Bud Fraze, Stellar Exploration • Tomas Svitek, Stellar Exploration LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  6. LIFE Organisms • Bacteria • Bacillus safensis f036b (ATCC- BAA-1126) • Bacillus subtilis 168ATCC® 23857™ • Bacillus subtilis MW01 • DeinococcusradioduransATCC® BAA-816™ • Eurkarya • SaccharomycescerevisiaeStrain W303.ATCC® 200060™ • Arabidopsis thaliana • Tardigrades • Archaea • Haloarculamarismortui ATCC 43049 • Pyrococcusfuriosus ATCC® 43587™ (DSM-3638) • Methanothermobacterwolfeii • Soil colony LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  7. LIFE Organisms LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  8. LIFE Module Accommodation Inside Phobos-Grunt LIFE Biomodule Phobos Earth-return Descent Module Phobos-Grunt Spacecraft LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  9. Cooperative with IMBP Anabios Experiment Two “Phobos-capsule” with 122 (1010 mm) packs with different biological objects LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  10. Placement in PhSRM Return Capsule LIFE Anabios Phobos-capsules LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  11. OUTER TITANIUM COVER UPPER SHOCK PAD TEMPERATURESENSOR INDIUM OUTER SEAL COLONY COVER CARRIER COVER KAPTON RETAINER TITANIUM LOCKING CLEAT SINGLE SAMPLE CONTAINER COLONY CONTAINER SILICONE O-RING INNER SEAL CARRIER BASE SAFETY WIRE TLD RADIATION DETECTOR LOWER SHOCK PAD OUTER TITANIUM COVER LOCKING LUG Mass = 89 g Shock Load up to 4000 g’s External dimensions: 57 mm x 17 mm “LIFE” BIOMODULE LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  12. More on the LIFE Bio-module • Three-tiered vacuum seal with locking lugs and pins • Structural integrity was primary concern • Meets COSPAR Planetary Protection requirements with very low probability of hitting Mars and very high structural integrity • Accommodates diverse samples: 30 individual sample holders for 10 triplicate samples • Single “colony” soil sample • Includes passive radiation detectors inside bio-module • Includes thermal extremes detectors LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  13. LIFE Seals Details TITANIUM CLIP O-RING PORON/SILICONE RING / PAD KAPTON/METALIC RETAINER/SEAL INDIUM SEAL PORON/SILICONE TOP PAD LOCKING LUG LOUIS FRIEDMAN TITANIUM LOWER SHELL

  14. Impact tests > 4000 g’s LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  15. Vibration tests to simulate launch LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  16. Loading freeze dried samples in tubes ATCC: American Type Culture Collection A Global Nonprofit Bioresource Center LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  17. Sealing the Tubes LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  18. Assembly Complete LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  19. Planetary Protection The Phobos LIFE experiment is fully compliant with the COSPAR planetary protection guidelines. LOUIS FRIEDMAN

  20. Some Tests to be Done After Sample Return • Culture the spores and count the vegetative cell forms, compare with negative controls • Mutation • Morphological characteristics before and after the mission (EM analysis) • Biochemical activities before and after the mission • Contamination control • Viability/Capability of Self-propagation • Culture each organism in their optimal culture conditions, and compare the growing cell number with the negative controls. • Spore regeneration

  21. www.planetary.org LOUIS FRIEDMAN

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