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http://sribuddha.magnify.net /. http://www.turnbacktogod.com/jesus-christ-wallpaper-sized-images-pic-set-20/. http://www.bahai.com/Bahaullah/introduction.htm. Religious Nonviolence. History of Nonviolence S. Switzer The Lovett School. Universal Theme. Religions of India
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http://sribuddha.magnify.net/ http://www.turnbacktogod.com/jesus-christ-wallpaper-sized-images-pic-set-20/ http://www.bahai.com/Bahaullah/introduction.htm Religious Nonviolence • History of Nonviolence • S. Switzer • The Lovett School
Universal Theme • Religions of India • Asian Religious Philosophies • Monotheistic Religions of the Middle East • Indigenous Religions around the world http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LuMaxArt_Golden_Family_With_World_Religions_.jpg
India • Ahimsa A (Not) Himsa (Violence)= Nonviolence • A condition in which the flourishing of life is optimized • To become a nonviolent person is to commit oneself to ending suffering and to promoting conditions in which all life can flourish http://communicationtheory.org/maslow’s-hierarchy-of-needs/
Jainism • Fullest, most radical expression of the ideal of ahimsa, extending beyond humanity to include all life • Nonviolence is THE core value from which all others derive • All immoral behavior is a form of violence • All moral practices are included in nonviolence Satya Truth Non-Stealing Ahimsa Self-Control Non-Attachment
Buddhism • The Four Noble Truths • Life involves suffering • Suffering arises from obsessive cravings • Suffering can be eliminated • The Eightfold Path http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Sixteen_Aspects_of_the_Four_Noble_Truths
The Eightfold Path • Accurate View/Perception/Understanding • Correct Intention • Benevolent Speech • Benevolent Action • Benevolent Livelihood • Correct Effort/Discipline • Clear/Accurate Mindfulness • Clear/Accurate Concentration http://managementhelp.org/blogs/spirituality/2011/02/07/working-with-a-pure-heart-the-eight-fold-path/
View/Perception/Understanding • To see and understand things as they really are • Since our view/perception of the world forms our thoughts and informs our actions, accurate perception produces correct thoughts and appropriate actions • “People are not the enemy, misperception is the enemy” http://oursciencepage.com/optical_illusions.htm
Intention • Our commitment to ethical and mental self-improvement • Our attitude concerning that commitment • Intention of renunciation (resistance to the pull of desire) • Intention of good will (resistance to feelings of anger and aversion) • Intention of harmlessness (to not think or act cruelly, violently or aggressively, but to develop compassion) http://www.rach.com.au/?cat=24
Speech-- Moral Discipline • To abstain from false/deceitful speech • To abstain from slanderous/malicious speech • To abstain from harsh/hurtful speech • To abstain from idle/purposeless chatter • To always tell the truth, speaking in a positive, warm, and gentle manner only when necessary http://spiritualoasis.org/blog/2011/11/29/reflections-on-proverbs-1623-24/words_can_hurt_or_heal_small/
Action- Moral Discipline • To abstain from harming others (especially intentionally/ carelessly), specifically from taking life • To abstain from what is not given-- stealing fraud, dishonesty • To abstain from sexual misconduct • To act kindly and compassionately, honestly and respectfully, so as to promote one’s own and other’s well-being http://www.longislandpress.com/2011/02/17/random-acts-of-kindness-day-today-is-random-acts-of-kindness-day/
Livelihood • To earn one’s living in a righteous, legal, and peaceful manner • Avoid: • dealing in weapons • dealing in living beings (animal production, slavery/prostitution) • Meat production/ butchery • Intoxicants and poisons (specifically alcohol and drugs) http://jayikemp.blogspot.com/2010/11/hustling-untapped-potential-in-drug.html http://www.longislandpress.com/2011/02/17/random-acts-of-kindness-day-today-is-random-acts-of-kindness-day/
Effort • A prerequisite • Practicing correctly for the right reasons • Effort in ascending value • Preventing the arising of unmanifested unwholesome states • Abandoning unwholesome states that have already arisen • Arousing wholesome states that have not yet arisen • Maintaining and perfecting manifested wholesome states http://www.saidaonline.com/en/news.php?go=fullnews&newsid=5402
Mindfulness • The controlled and perfected faculty of cognition • The ability to be aware of the process of conceptualization so as to actively observe and control our thinking • The Four Foundations are contemplation of the: • Body • Feeling • State of mind • The phenomena itself http://www-laep.ced.berkeley.edu/~xingliu/caverlee/kos_exhibit/webpages/gallery/linkpages/Ayutthaya-R.html
Concentration • The development of consistent, though relatively low level concentration • Concentration is “one-pointedness of mind” a state where all mental faculties are unified and focused • Focusing on wholesome (edifying) thoughts and actions • First: direct your attention to a wholesome thought • Second: sustain your attention on the wholesome thought • Third: gradually intensify your concentration