IPDE Process

1. IPDE Process Chapter 4

2. IPDE Process • Need for organized system to drive • Reduces close calls and collisions • Manage risk • Driving Risks – 3 Components #1. Risk Factors due to Driver, even other drivers • Adjusting radio • Emotion – anger/your boyfriend/girlfriend just broke up with you • Primping – combing hair, putting on mascara, shaving • Drinking alcohol • Cell phone use #2. Risk Factors due to Automobile • Bald Tires • Poorly adjusted brakes • Ineffective Windshield Wipers • Broken Headlight • Dirty Windshield

3. IPDE Process • Driving Risks –continued #3. Roadway Risks • Bright sun • Construction • Snow / Ice • Sharp Curves • Good drivers make every effort to manage & lower risks • IPDE Process – organized system of see, thinking, making judgements and responding • Identify – use visual search pattern to look for • Clues • Other users of the HTS (Highway Traffic System) assume they will make mistakes • example: speeders • Road Conditions – hills, curves, lane changes, bicyclists, pedestrians, intersections • Traffic Concerns

4. IPDE Process • IPDE Process – organized system of see, thinking and responding • Identify – use visual search pattern • Smith System - 5 Rules that help drivers develop good seeing habits • Aim High In Steering – look 12-15 seconds ahead of your vehicle • Keep Eyes Moving • Get the Big Picture • Make Sure Others See You • Leave Yourself an Out • Zone Control System – organized method of managing the 6 zones around your car - see a zone change – check other zones – create space for yourself by adjusting speed & lane position – Communicate • Open Zone – no restriction • Line of Sight – intended path of travel • Target Area – center of intended path • Closed Zone – zone not open - restricted “line of sight” • Examples: stop light (front zone), parked car (right front zone)

5. IPDE Process • Zones – pg 65 & 66 Right Front Zone Front Zone Left Front Zone Left Rear Zone Right Rear Zone Rear Zone

6. IPDE Process Target Area Range • 3 Searching Ranges • Target Area Range • Distance ahead of vehicle • Use to evaluate path of travel • 12-15 Second Range • Space will travel in next 12-15 seconds • 4-6 Second Range • Space will travel in next 4-6 seconds 12-15 Second Range 4-6 Second Range

7. IPDE Process • Checking Your Zones • Orderly Visual Search Pattern • Sample: Driving Straight: • Target Area • Left Front – Front – Right Front in 12-15 sec range • Rear Zone - Rearview mirror • 4-6 second range • 12-15 second range • 4-6 range • Rearview mirror • Speedometer & Gauges • Don’t stare • Practice as a passenger

8. IPDE Process • Field of Vision – area see around you • Most of us can see 90 degrees to each side = 180 degrees • Central Vision – right in front of you 10 degrees – see clearly • Peripheral Vision – area see to right or left – • Outer edges see less clearly Central Vision Peripheral Vision Peripheral Vision FIELD OF VISION

9. IPDE Process • Review Identify Component: • Aim High Steering – look ahead (12-15 sec) • Keep Eyes Moving – develop scanning technique • Get The Big Picture • Develop Selective Seeing • Choose only events that impact your driving! • Open zones that may close • Examples: Parked car with wheels turned or exhaust from tail pipe • Look for other Users- anticipate them doing the wrong thing! • Examples: Speeders • Look for Roadway Conditions – • Intersections, Hills, Lane changes, road surfaces, bicyclists, pedestrians

10. IPDE Process • Predict – once you identify - predict how it may effect you • What is happening, what could happen, how could this effect you?? • Example: Pg 72 – bicyclist & on coming car to left • What do you do? • Knowledge & Experience will help you identify & predict quicker & faster • Most predictions related to changes in zones and looking for an out • Don’t Assume other drivers will make good decisions • Predict ✔Path of other drivers ✔Action of others ✔Space – Will I have an open zone ✔Pont of Conflict – No open space, where may the conflict occur – Where paths may cross • Examples: pg 73

11. IPDE Process • The more complex situation, the more difficult to identify & predict • Speed – Most important factor in control of your vehicle • Changes with traffic & weather conditions • Increased Speed decreases time available for IPDE process • Traction – basic requirement for vehicle control • Gripping power between tires and road surface

12. IPDE Process • Decide • Once you’ve identified a situation… • Predicted a possible conflict … • Decideupon the action • Followed by Execute step • Examples: • Maintain speed • Change speed • may not always mean slowing down

13. IPDE Process • Decide • Examples: • Change direction – keep a space cushion - continued • May change lane positions to keep cushion pg 76 • Center of Lane • Right Side of Lane • Left Side of Lane • May need to make greater change • Try to detect a changing zone condition 12 sec in advance

14. IPDE Process • Decide • Examples: continued • Communicate with others • Lights – headlights, taillights, brake lights, turn signal, etc • Horn • Car Position • Eye Contact • Body Movement • Combination • Strategies to keep space around your vehicle • Minimize Hazard –put distance between self and hazard • Example: Passing parked cars

15. IPDE Process • Strategies to keep space around your vehicle • Separate Hazards–more than one hazard at a time • Don’t handle them all at one time • You do this by adjusting your speed • Example: On coming car and parked cars on right • Compromise Space – • Sometimes hazards can’t be minimized and can’t be separated • Give as much space as possible to greater hazard • Example: On coming car moves into your lane with cars parked on right

16. IPDE Process • Execute carry out decision to avoid conflict • Control Speed • Accelerating • Decelerating / Braking • Check Rear Zone • Avoid Locking Brakes – loose steering control • Most cars have antilock breaks – break hard – don’t pump breaks • Steer • Don’t over steer – could loose control • Don’t make jerky sudden movements • Communicate • Make it early so other know your intentions • Combined Actions

17. IPDE Process • Putting It Into Action • Practice – as you ride with others • Commentary Driving – talk out loud • Takes Time • The more complex traffic situation the longer it takes