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FECUNDITY

FECUNDITY. Fecundity indicates the physiological ability among woman to conceive or to bear children . 42 children in 35 years 69 children Highest average no. of births for any population is 10 / woman among a small Christian group in USA and Canada. FERTILITY.

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FECUNDITY

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  1. FECUNDITY • Fecundity indicates the physiological ability among woman to conceive or to bear children. • 42 children in 35 years • 69 children • Highest average no. of births for any population is 10 / woman among a small Christian group in USA and Canada.

  2. FERTILITY It refers to the actual bearing of children by a woman It is the actual reproductive performance of the woman or a couple.

  3. FERTILITY • Universality of marriage • Lower age at marriage/ duration of married life • Low level of literacy/ educational status • Poor level of living / Economic status • Limited use of contraceptives / spacing of children • Traditional ways of life / religion • Nutrition • Others

  4. FERTILITY • Others • Psychological • Natural urge of being parent & to have children • Social • Educational status, Age at marriage, early marriage, family set up, family pressure. • Economic • Security to parents in older age, potential earners, • Demographic • Too many children, • high mortality results in high fertility • Biological effects • Curtailment of early breast feeding

  5. General fertility rate (GFR) • It is the no. of live births per 1000 women in the reproductive age group in a given year. • It is a better measure of fertility

  6. Age Specific Fertility RateASFR • It is the no. of live births in a year to 1000 women in any specified age group. • ASFR indicates the fertility pattern • A sensitive indicator of family planning achievement.

  7. TOTAL FERTILITY RATE (TFR) • It represents the average number of children a woman would have if she were to pass through her reproductive years bearing children at the same rates as the woman now in each age group.

  8. GROSS REPRODUCTION RATE • It is the average number of girls that would be born to a woman if she experiences the current fertility pattern through out her reproductive span.

  9. NET REPRODUCTION RATE • It is the number of daughters a newborn girl will bear during her life time assuming fixed age specific fertility and mortality rates. • It is a demographic indicator • NRR 1 indicates the attaining of app. the 2 child norm.

  10. MORTALITY It refers to the experience of a population in terms of deaths. Frequency of age, sex and cause of death in a society would reveal the underlying health problems and health services shortcomings and would identify specific interventions.

  11. URBANIZATION It occurs due to migration of rural population into urban centers / areas resulting in increase in urban population and growth of cities.

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