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G Willgoose (U. Leeds, UK), H Hemakumara (U. Newcastle, Australia)

S caling and A ssimilation of S oil M oisture a nd S treamflow ( SASMAS ): project overview and preliminary results. G Willgoose (U. Leeds, UK), H Hemakumara (U. Newcastle, Australia) C Rudiger (U. Melbourne, Australia) B Jacobs, J Kalma (U. Newcastle, Australia)

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G Willgoose (U. Leeds, UK), H Hemakumara (U. Newcastle, Australia)

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  1. Scaling and Assimilation of Soil Moisture and Streamflow (SASMAS): project overview and preliminary results G Willgoose (U. Leeds, UK), H Hemakumara (U. Newcastle, Australia) C Rudiger (U. Melbourne, Australia) B Jacobs, J Kalma (U. Newcastle, Australia) J Walker (U. Melbourne, Australia) G Hancock, P Saco (U. Newcastle, Australia) P Houser (NASA Goddard, Hydrology Section)

  2. SASMAS Objectives • Validation of the soil moisture products from Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) … 50km pixels. • Development of scaling relationships for soil moisture • Estimating the spatial distribution and averages of soil moisture in large catchments by assimilating near surface moisture measurements and streamflow measurements • Estimation of temporal variation of soil moisture • Assimilating streamflow measurements to estimate soil moisture (specifically for forested areas) • TODAY: Focussing on preliminary data from SASMAS1 field campaign in October, 2003.

  3. Merriwa SASMAS Location Rainfall: 500-1000 mm Pan Evaporation: 1800 P/E: 0.3-0.6 Daily Temp: 16-30 (summer) 3-17(winter)

  4. Soils and Geology Soils Clay Basalt Silts Sandstone

  5. Vegetation

  6. Permanent Soil Moisture Site Basalt Sites Logger 0 - 30cm 30 – 60 cm 60 - 90cm 30cm 60cm Sandstone Sites backfilled soil 26 sites soil moisture (mostly 3 levels) soil temperature (6 cm vertically, 12-18cm)

  7. Weather Stations Soil Moisture Sites Stream Gauges Location of Instrumentation

  8. Typical Data from Permanent Sandstone Monitoring Site

  9. SASMAS 01 Sampling • 40 x 50km area • North of Goulburn River within unforested region • 4 teams over 3 days • Sampled area about scale of AMSR pixel • 225 soil moisture samples sites (4 gravimetric, 5 theta probe (TDR)), • 194 veg samples

  10. 0.018 g/g 0.301 g/g Gravimetric Soil Moisture (0-1cm)

  11. 0.02 g/g 0.28 g/g Theta Probe Soil Moisture (0-6cm)

  12. TDR-Gravimetric Comparison Gravimetric (0-1cm) Theta Probe (0-6 cm)

  13. Vegetation Soil Moisture and Biomass Correlations (?) Weak Positive Correlation No Apparent Correlation

  14. AMSR Validation: Preliminary Results • Comparison good (subject to the revised NASA AMSR-E inversion algorithm). No vegetation moisture correction in ground observations. Results from Ground observations • Avg MC, v/v (0-6cm) = 0.141 • Avg MC, v/v (0-1cm) = 0.109 AMSR-E moisture values (v/v) using old (invalid?) NASA algorithm • Nov 7 – 0.15 • Nov 8 – 0.15 • Nov 9 – 0.15

  15. Conclusions • Several additional field campaigns planned in 2004. Probably less extensive vegetation sampling allowing a greater density of soil moisture measurements. • SASMAS 01 has delivered an extensive distributed soil moisture, soil temperature and vegetation data set for semi-arid conditions for dry (extreme drought) springtime conditions. Future campaigns will concentrate on wetter conditions. • Currently have 16 months of distributed continuous data soil moisture at 26 sites and 3 depths, and soil temperature, with nested catchments with runoff data. Data for scaling studies of soil moisture and assimilation of distributed soil moisture from river discharges. • Website with data and publications: (www.civag.unimelb.edu.au/~jwalker/data/sasmas) • Funding: Australian Research Council, NASA.

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