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Child Development 1 ( Wk 2: Feb. 28 th )

Child Development 1 ( Wk 2: Feb. 28 th ). Chapter 1/ Sec. 2. What is culture & how does it affect human development? ¿Qué es la cultura y cómo afecta el desarrollo humano ?.

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Child Development 1 ( Wk 2: Feb. 28 th )

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  1. Child Development 1 (Wk2: Feb. 28th) Chapter 1/ Sec. 2

  2. What is culture & how does it affect human development?¿Qué es la cultura y cómo afecta el desarrollo humano? • Culture- is the pattern of a group’s customs, practices, values, beliefs, art, & technology, handed down through language. Cultura-es el patrón de las costumbres de un grupo, prácticas, valores, creencias, el arte, y la tecnología, transmitidas a través del lenguaje. • Is a group’s common way of life, passed from one generation to another. Es la forma común de un grupo de vida, y pasa de una generación a otra.

  3. Individualistic culture Collectivist culture

  4. Basic issues of Ch Dev. Contd./ TemasBásicos Contd. • A theory / Teoría- an orderly, integrated set of statements that are cohesive; the statements describe, explain, and predict human behavior. • Esunasistemaorganizado de ideas que se proponenparaexplicar y parahacerpredicciones.

  5. Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory • Sensorimotor /Estadiosensorio-motor • Pre-Operational/Períodoperoperacional • Concrete operational/ Período de lasoperacionesconcretas • Formal operational/ Período de lasoperacionesformales • Schemes/Esquemas- any action pattern for dealing with the environment, such as looking, grasping, hitting, kicking, etc. Las estructuraspsicologicasque se usanpara organizer experiencias.

  6. Assimilation/Asimilación- • (El procesopor el cuallasnuevasexperiencias son incorporadasfácilmente a esquemas existents). Accommodation/Acomodación- • (El procesoporcuállasesquemas se modificanbasado en lasexperienciasnuevas).

  7. Erik Erikson/Psychosocial Theory La TeoríaPsicosocial • El desarrollo de la personalidadviene de la resolución de unaserie de desafíosbasados en la interacción de lasdemandas de la sociedad y de la necesidad de madurar.

  8. Trust vs. Mistrust/ Confianza contra desconfianza • Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt / Autonomíacontra la Vergüenza y Duda • Initiative vs. Guilt / Iniciativacontra la Culpa • Industry vs. Inferiority / Industriacontra Inferioridad • Identity vs. Role Confusion / IdentidadvsConfusiónPapel

  9. Lev Vygotsky

  10. Humans have a biological need & capacity for tool use and production. • “Herramientafísica” = dominar el ambiente; “herramientapsicológica” = dominar el comportamiento / - “Physical tools” =

  11. Psychological tools/Herramientapsicológica • Includes: • Most important: speech…

  12. “ZPD” & Scaffolding Zona del desarrollopróximo Andamio • La diferencia de lo quépuedehacer un niño solo, y lo quépuedehacer con ayuda. • The difference between what a child can do alone, vs. what a child can do with assistance…

  13. Bandura’s Social Learning/TeoríaCognotivoSocial • Believed that humans learn through social interactions. • Propone que los niñosutilizan la recompense, el castigo, y la imitaciónparatenersentido del mundo. • Observational learning-

  14. Imitation of behavior is based on 4 components / Imitación de comportamientoesbasado en 4 componentes: a) Attentional Processes/Atención b) Retention Processes/ Conservar o retener c) Motor reproduction processes/Reproducción de motoresfísicos d) Reinforcement/Motivational Processes (La recompense o el castigo

  15. UrieBronfenbrenner’sEcological Systems Theory • Development is a complex process that includes the interactions between the child & the environment. • Systems-

  16. Microsystem/Microsistema- interaction patterns in the child’s immediate surroundings.

  17. Mesosystem/Mesosistema Exosystem/Exosistema

  18. Macrosystem/Macrosistema- • Chronosystem/Cronosistema–

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