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El Subjuntivo

Learn about the subjunctive mood in Spanish, its formation, present subjunctive, irregular verbs, and stem-changing verbs. Practice conjugations and master this important aspect of grammar.

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El Subjuntivo

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  1. El Subjuntivo Ch1- Gramática Espanol III

  2. 1 EL SUBJUNTIVO ¿Qué es el subjuntivo? -Is a mood that expresses: The speakers: -Wishes wants- (querer, desear) -Emotions (amar, odiar, temer) -Doubts (dudar) -Demands (sugerir, exigir, demander) -Impersonal Expressions (Es importante que, Es necesario que , es Bueno que , es malo que -Negate, No Creo -God “Ojala que”

  3. 2 The Formation How do you form the subjuntive: 1. Take the “yo” form in the present tense. 2. Drop the “-o.” 3. For –ar verbs add -e, -es, -e, -emos, -éis, -en For –er/-ir verbs add –a, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an ***Always go to the “yo” form first!!! ** Notice the yo and él,ella, Ud. forms both have the same ending in the subjunctive.** ** You use these endings when you want to express your opinion or point of view.**

  4. 3 El presente subjuntivo

  5. 4 El subjuntivo • Remember that you have to change the spelling for some verbs to keep the pronunciation the same. • Buscar =busque • Pagar=pague • Cruzar=cruce • Recoger =recoja **There is NO accent mark on the yo form on the –car and –gar verbs. That is the past tense!! **The spelling change stays the same in all forms!! Ex: busque busquemos busques busquéis busque busquen

  6. 5 Los irregulares de “yo” • Verbs with yo forms that end in –go or -zco in the present indicative use the same irregular stem in the subjunctive. • decir-digo conocer-conozco diga digamos conozca conozcamos digas digáis conozcas conozcáis diga digan conozca conozcan • Try to congugate this verb into your notebook: caer, oír, poner, ofrecer

  7. 6 Caer- to fall (caigo) Oír- to hear (oigo) caiga caigamos oiga oigamos caigas caigáis oigas oigáis caiga caigan oiga oigan Poner- to put (pongo)Ofrecer- to offer (ofrezco) ponga pongamos ofrezca ofrezcamos pongas pongáis ofrezcas ofrezcáis ponga pongan ofrezca ofrezcan

  8. 7 Stem-Changing Verbs in the present subjunctive • When you use the present subjunctive of -ar and -er stem-changing verbs, remember to make the same changes as in the present indicative. • cerrar-to close volver-to return cierre cerremos vuelva volvamos cierres cerréis vuelvas volváis cierre cierren vuelva vuelvan • Now, try to conjugate these verbs in your notebook: empezar and contar (remember, go to the “yo” form first!)

  9. 8 • Empezar-to begin (empiezo) empiece empecemos empieces empecéis empiece empiecen • Contar- to count/tell (cuento) cuente contemos cuentes contéis cuente cuenten

  10. 9 -IR Stem-Changers in the subjunctive • -ir stem-changers change differently. e-ie verbs use the ie except in the nosotros and vosotros forms. They use i instead. • Mentir-to lie mienta mintamos mientas mintáis mienta mientan Verbs like this: divertirse,preferir,requerir, sugerir • o-ue verbs use the ue except for the nosotros and vosotros forms. They use uinstead. • Dormir-to sleep duerma durmamos duermas durmáis duerma duerman Verbs like this: morir

  11. Otros verbos como esto: servir-to serve competir-to compete despedirse-to say goodbye reírse-to laugh repetir-to repeat seguir-to follow, to continue sonreírse-to smile vestirse-to dress one’s self Choose three and try them in your notebook. 10 -IR Stem-Changers Cont. • There are one last group of –ir stem-changers, e-i. The stem changes from e-i in all forms in the subjunctive. • Pedir-to ask for, to order pida pidamos pidas pidáis pida pidan

  12. 11 Los irregulares del presente subjuntivo (DISHES)

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