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Religions and Philosophies of China. Confucianism. Confucius was a teacher of the Han Dynasty The Analects is the name of the book containing his teachings He taught: Children should obey their elders Families should be loyal to each other A king should lead by example
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Confucianism • Confucius was a teacher of the Han Dynasty • The Analects is the name of the book containing his teachings • He taught: • Children should obey their elders • Families should be loyal to each other • A king should lead by example • Fathers should display high moral values • Lower classes should follow the example of superiors • Moral leadership will bring order to China
Legalism Qin Shihaungdi • People are naturally bad need to be controlled • Believed in Political philosophy - not religions • People are responsible for each other’s behavior (if a person does something wrong, all the family and neighbors should be punished) • Appointed officials should lead, not the nobles • ALWAYS BE READY FOR WAR
Daoism (Taoism) • Called “The Way” • Laozi was a most famous Daoist Teacher • The Way and Its Power is the book of the Daoist • Stressed living in harmony with the Dao (the guiding force of all reality) • You should avoid interfering with nature • The universe is a balance of opposites called Yin and Yang • Daoists worship nature • They want government out of people’s lives
Buddhism • Siddhartha Gautama was the name of the Indian Prince who became Buddha • Missionaries took Buddhism to japan, korea, and other Asian countries • Attracted Chinese as a way to explain suffering and escape it • Buddhism shaped Chinese art, literature, and architecture. • The Four Noble Truths and The Eightfold Path are the guiding beliefs