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The Review of Alcohol Use in Relation to Biopsychosocial Factors

The Review of Alcohol Use in Relation to Biopsychosocial Factors. Miika Gurr Psych 4900: Adolescent Risk Taking Weber State University. Introduction. Alcohol and substance use among adolescent males and females is gradually increasing.

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The Review of Alcohol Use in Relation to Biopsychosocial Factors

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  1. The Review of Alcohol Use in Relation to Biopsychosocial Factors Miika Gurr Psych 4900: Adolescent Risk Taking Weber State University

  2. Introduction Alcohol and substance use among adolescent males and females is gradually increasing. • What Biopsychosocial factors contribute to this phenomenon? • A variety of factors are interrelated and linking adolescence to “risk” taking behaviors which may result in alcohol or substance use or “abuse.” There are 3 research papers that examine the Biopsychosocial aspect in regards to Alcohol and Substance Use among Adolescence.

  3. Wiesner & Ittel (Germany 1993-1994) • Early maturation is related significantly to more frequent alcohol & cigarette use. • Methods • 3 Hypotheses: Maturation Deviance, Mediation Hypothesis, and Termination Hypothesis • 2 Waves • Personal Interviews & Parent Surveys • Assessed Relations of Pubertal Timing to Early Substance Use in Adolescents • Results • Only the Termination Hypothesis was supported through research; this concludes that only early maturing boys & girls present higher levels of substance abuse

  4. Addiction Research Center Study(Italy 2001) • High sensation seeking, high social attributes, direct aggressiveness, and lower parental care are all factors of alcohol use or “abuse.” • Methods • Assessed Temperament, Personality traits, and Parental Care Perception resulting in alcohol use • 1,076 Caucasian students 14 to 19 years old • Questionnaires using a variety of tests such as Zuckerman’s Sensation Seeking Scale, etc. • Results • Temperamental traits & personality changes = early alcohol use & reduced perception of parental care

  5. Scheier & Botvin (U.S. 1987-1991) • There is an INVERSE relation between Self-esteem and alcohol use High • The adolescents who increased their levels of alcohol later reported lower levels of self-esteem Levels Alcohol Use Low Self-esteem Time • Methods • Latent Growth Modeling • 740 Students • Four year period • Questionnaires • Results • Self-esteem is part of a dynamic set of etiological forces that instigate early-stage alcohol use

  6. Conclusion • Overall, pubertal timing, temperament, personality traits, parental care, and self-esteem are all interrelated and correlated with alcohol use among adolescence. • Limits: • Each of the 3 studies relied on Self-report. • The studies did not examine the adolescents’ peer relationships in regards to alcohol use. • Future Directions • Research Study based on Peer Relationships & alcohol use • Future study should examine the effects of Peers for initial alcohol use and continued use by using the Latent Growth Modeling technique.

  7. References Gerra, G., Zaimovic, A. (2004). Substance Abuse Among High-school Students: Relationship with Social Coping and Temperament. Substance Use and Misuse, 39, 345-367. Scheier, L.M., Botvin, G.J. (2000). Dynamic Growth Models of Self-Esteem and Adolescent Alcohol Use. Journal of Adolescence, 20, 178-209. Wiesner, Margit, Ittel, Angela (2002). Relations of Pubertal Timing and Depressive Symptoms to Substance Use in Early Adolescence. Journal of Adolescence, 22, 5-23.

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