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National Academy of Technologies of France Sharing reasoned, chosen Progress. What about L-M-D (Ba-Ma) in France?. Jacques L É VY, Member of Academic Council, NATF Joint acatech-NATF meeting March 7, 2006. Important figures on education. Total number of students: 15 004 400
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National Academy of Technologies of France • Sharing reasoned, chosen Progress What about L-M-D (Ba-Ma) in France? Jacques LÉVY, Member of Academic Council, NATF Joint acatech-NATF meeting March 7, 2006
Important figures on education • Total number of students: 15 004 400 • Secondary schools:5 540 200 , « output »:330 000 CAP+BEP, 237 000 bacs techniques , 261 000 bacs généraux • Higher Education: 2 268 000 students • Apprenticeship: 383 000
Curriculum reform:the present system • A compulsory 2-year general curriculum after high school, leading to a diploma : DEUG • After this period, one diploma may be obtained after each supplementary one year period : licence (≈bachelor), maîtrise, DEA, DESS • After another period, 3 to 5 years : doctorate
Higher Education in France: important figures • Universities : 1 508 000 students • Others : 760 000 • Total : 2 268 000 • Output (technical) • 2 years’ curricula (technicians): 157 000 • 5 years’ curricula (engineers) : 26 400 Grand Total : 639 000 (30% gain a technical diploma)
Curriculum reform : the technical higher education system • 2 years’ curricula for technicians:BTS,DUT • 5 years’ curricula for engineers: Ingénieur Diplômé • Including generally 2 years in preparatory classes(no diploma granted) and 3 years in the « Ecoles »
Curriculum reform:the present situation • Bachelor:still much to be done for existing curricula; new 3 years’ curricula opened (licence professionnelle) ≈ vocational oriented degree • Master:much has been done • Grade Master • Master Professionnel (for hosting foreign students) • A large progress in restructuring the curricula in 60-ECTS semesters (important for mobility)
Doctoral studies(engineering) • A compulsory, initial, one year including both courses and labwork:previously DEA diplôme d’études avancées, now called « Master Recherche » • The doctoral thesis is presented after a research work of a maximum duration of 5 years • Compulsory for teaching in Universities: a general examination leading to the « Habilitation à diriger des recherches » • Essential rôle of the « Ecole Doctorale »:leadership to Universities
Curriculum reform:main problems • Still no solution for the 2 years’ (BTS,DUT) and the 4 years’- curricula • Keep the 5 years’ curriculum of engineering studies leading to « Ingénieur Diplômé » • This is a problem throughout Europe (except G.B.) with the FH-TH model • CESAER
Other Bologna targets • Quality assurance, mobility and double diploma, attracting non European students: little progress in building European processes (labelling?) • Funding from non-budgetary sources:important fiscal incentives for Foundations • Governance:very little progress in the direction of autonomy.