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Parenthetical Elements

Parenthetical Elements. What are they? How do they work?. Parenthetical Elements. used to place a part of a sentence between a pair of such punctuation marks as commas, dashes, and parentheses to show that they are asides or interruptions in the normal flow of text.

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Parenthetical Elements

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  1. Parenthetical Elements • What are they? • How do they work?

  2. Parenthetical Elements used to place a part of a sentence between a pair of such punctuation marks as commas, dashes, and parentheses to show that they are asides or interruptions in the normal flow of text.

  3. Parenthetical Elements • Sentence Interrupter • Removable • Surrounded by parentheses, commas, or dashes • Without it, you still have a good sentence. I couldn’t, however, live without chocolate. Parenthetical element

  4. Commas, Parentheses, Dashes The style and tone of the writing are affected by the choice of the punctuation: • Commas are most commonly used. • Parentheses tend to be used in formal writing. • Dashes tend to be used in informal writing.

  5. Commas Commas are most commonly used. If commas are used for parenthetical elements: • there will be two of them • the sentence would make sense if the reader skipped over the part between the commas. Commas most commonly used for appositives and non-restrictive elements

  6. POINTS to REMEMBER! • The appositive renames the noun. • The appositive follows the noun. noun appositive The Maze Runner, a book by James Dashner, is a popular dystopian novel.

  7. EXAMPLES noun appositive My teacher, Mrs. Van Meter, recommends the I Survived series by Lauren Tarshis.

  8. Remember noun appositive My teacher, Mrs. Van Meter, recommends the I Survived series by Lauren Tarshis. My teacher recommends the I Survived series by Lauren Tarshis.

  9. Write on your notes • Laura, my youngest sister, will be in town this weekend.

  10. Appositive phrases: . Ellie’syounger sister(a fan of all the Diary of a Wimpy Kid books) reads every chance she can get. • Mrs. Van Meter,my language arts teacher,is a bibliophile. • Books inspire readers-- from the very young to the veryold--because they are a great escape.

  11. Appositive phrases: • Ellie’s younger sister reads every chance she gets. • She is a fan of the Diary of a Wimpy Kid books. • Ellie’s younger sister reads every chance she gets. a fan of the Diary of a Wimpy Kid books

  12. Appositive Phrases: Ellie’s younger sister a fan of the Diary of a Wimpy Kid books reads every chance she gets. Ellie’s younger sister (a fan of the Diary of a Wimpy Kid books)reads every chance she gets.

  13. Appositive phrases: Mrs. Van Meter is a bibliophile. She is my language arts teacher. my language arts teacher Mrs. Van Meter is a bibliophile.

  14. Appositive phrases: Mrs. Van Meter my language arts teacher is a bibliophile. Mrs. Van Meter,my language arts teacher, is a bibliophile.

  15. Appositive phrases: Books can be enjoyed by readers of all ages. Books can be a great escape from everyday life. a great escape from everyday life Books can be enjoyed by readers of all ages.

  16. Appositive phrases: Books a great escape from everyday life can be enjoyed by readers of all ages Books a great escape from everyday life can be enjoyed by readers of all ages. -- --

  17. Parenthetical words and phrases can be placed between commas, parentheses, or dashes. Commas are used most often. You must use the same type of punctuation on each side of the words or phrases. Despicable Me, a very funny movie, always makes me laugh!

  18. Parentheses Parentheses tend to be used in formal writing. • Usually de-emphasize • there will be two of them • the sentence would make sense if the reader skipped over the part between parentheses.

  19. Parentheses example The 30th anniversary of the eruption of Mount St. Helens (May 18, 1980) brought back vivid memories of ash and darkness. Parentheses are used as the sentence is formal. The sentence would make sense if the parenthesis was skipped over.

  20. Dashes • Dashes tend to be used in informal writing. • Often used to call attention • the sentence would make sense if the reader skipped over the part set off by dashes.

  21. Dashes Example Write this sentence in your ISN: There was only one thing missing from the ship– pirates. Dashes have been used as the sentence is conversational and informal. “Well, it was like this : the lads who had come off the trip – some of them as young as thirteen - had just got a bit bored with waiting…” The sentence would make sense if the words between the dashes were skipped over.

  22. To summarize • There are three ways to punctuate parenthetical elements. • There will usually be a pair of punctuation marks. • The sentence would make sense without the parenthetical element.

  23. The POINT • To add in additional information. • To make an aside to the reader. • To alter the tone of the prose.

  24. The End

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