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Photosynthesis and Cell Respiration

Explore how autotrophs produce their own food through photosynthesis and how heterotrophs rely on other organisms for energy. Learn about the processes of photosynthesis converting sunlight into carbohydrates and oxygen, and cellular respiration releasing energy from glucose. Discover the roles of light, chlorophyll, and oxygen in photosynthesis, and the steps involved in cellular respiration. Compare the equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration to understand how organisms obtain energy.

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Photosynthesis and Cell Respiration

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  1. Photosynthesis and Cell Respiration

  2. How do organisms obtain energy? • Autotrophs • Able to produce their own food • Ex. Plants use sunlight to produce energy • Photosynthesis • Heterotrophs • Unable to produce their own food, rely on other organisms as a source of energy • Ex. Animals need to eat to survive • Cellular Respiration

  3. Organisms rely on PHOTOSYNTHESIS and CELLULAR RESPIRATION for their energy needs Heat Sunlight Cellular respiration Photosynthesis Visual Summary 6.1

  4. Photosynthesis! • What happens during photosynthesis? • Plants (autotrophs) use energy from sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates (energy) and oxygen • 6CO2 + 6H2O (light)→ C6H12O6 + 6O2 Reactants? Carbon dioxide (CO2) and Water (H2O) Products? Glucose—Sugar (C6H12O6) and Oxygen (O2)

  5. Photosynthesis: Light and Pigment • In addition to water and carbon dioxide, photosynthesis needs light and chlorophyll (a molecule in chloroplasts) • Light is converted into chemical energy • Occurs in chloroplasts • Chlorophyll absorbs the light (it makes plants green!)

  6. The Two Parts of Photosynthesis • Light-dependent reactions • Need light to happen • Occurs in Chloroplast • Produces Oxygen • Light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) • Does not need light • Use energy molecules (NADPH) to produce sugars for the plant

  7. Cellular Respiration • Heterotrophs need to consume other organisms in order to survive • Glucose (sugar) is a main source of this energy

  8. Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration… is the process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules (glucose) in the presence of oxygen 6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy Oxygen + glucose  carbon dioxide + water + energy Compare this to the equation for photosynthesis….what do you notice?

  9. Cellular Respiration • Occurs in three different steps: • Glycolysis: one molecule of glucose is split in half • Occurs in the cytoplasm • Krebs Cycle: the half-glucose molecules are broken down into carbon dioxide • Occurs in the Mitochondria • Electron Transport: high energy electrons are used to produce energy for the cell • Occurs in the Mitochondria

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