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Mental Health and Well Being

Mental Health and Well Being. Prof.Yan He-Qin Shanghai Mental Health Center Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine. . .Definition of Health. WHO: (19 48) Health is a state of complete physical,mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

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Mental Health and Well Being

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  1. Mental Health and Well Being Prof.Yan He-Qin Shanghai Mental Health Center Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine

  2. ..Definition of Health • WHO:(1948) Health is a state of complete physical,mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

  3. Well Being include: • Normal Intelligent • Nice mental state • Harmony personal relationship • Good social function • Strong-Willed • Stable Personality. • Noble Morality.

  4. Social Development and Stress • Great Change • Competitions Stress • Various inference • Family structure change • One child family • Aging problem • Big City problem • Unemployed etc.

  5. Psychological Problems in each period • Infantile period: • Child period: • Adolescent period: • Adult period: • Involution period: • Senile period:

  6. Mental Health Problems Psychoses：Schizophrenia ,Manic-Depression disorder, Alzheimer Disease etc Neuroses：Depression ,Anxiety,, Obsession, Neurasthenia etc Psychological disorder：Adjustment Disorder, Alcohol and Drug Addiction etc Psychosomatic Disorder：Hypertension, Asthma ,Peptic Ulcer etc. PersonalityDisorder: Antisocial. Paranoid, Schizoid, Histronic etc.

  7. Stress and Health • Appropriate stress can improve one’s adaptation. • Excessive stress cause over reaction, exhaustion and death • Psychological stress cause change of neuro-endocrine, immunity function, neurotransmitters, NGF and Brain neuron • Medication, Psychological management, Relaxations procedure and Exercise help to recover

  8. Statistics according to DALY (Disability Adjusted Life Years ) sequence disorders percentage to all burdens % treatment % • chronic lung obstruction 8.5 50 • depressive disorders 6.2 5 • lower respiratory tract infection 5.7 ? • brain vascular disorders 5.2 50 • self hurt 3.9 ? • ischemic anemia3.2 ? • ischemicheart disorders 2.9 50 • falling down 2.2 ? • drowning 2.1 ? • traffic accident 2.1 ? • tuberculosis 2.0 ? • liver cancer 1.9 30 • diarrhea 1.8 ?

  9. DALY(1990) Percentage of Reduction of Disability Adjusted Life Years (World Bank, 1993)

  10. Mental Health ProblemsPrevalence of Mental Illness (USA)ECA/DIS/DSMIII

  11. Social Burdens from Mental Illness • Mental illness is common disease : high incidence,often relapse,behaviors out of control, lack of insight,harmful to society, family and persons( making troubles), eg: schizophrenia, mood disorders, paranoid disorders . • Personality disorders:unstable emotions,compulsive behaviors, unable to learn a lesson, harmful to others and himself, unstable factors to the society. eg:compulsive personality disorder,paranoid personality disorder, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and perversion ,etc.

  12. Depression Report by WHO:1.5 billions Affective Disorder in the World Austraria(1995)prevalence rate of Depression” 1.32% South Korea :3.1-5.5% Hong Kong :2.4-5.2% 576 out patient clinic of internal medicine in Shanghai:4%

  13. Incidence of Depression incidence

  14. Depression of Inpatients in Internal Medicine Word • hematology, endocrine department 44.7% • neurology department 37.5% • cardiovascular department 34.5% • gastrointestinal department 30.4% • tumor department 20-40% • related disorders: stroke 26-34%, rheumatoid arthritis 20%, parkinsonism 40%, cardiovascular diseases 19%

  15. Definite Diagnosis Rates of Depression in General Hospitals • WHO survey in 15 countries and areas : incidence of psychological disorders 24% average recognition rate of general practioner 48.9% • Analysis in 576 cases in Shanghai: incidence of psychological disorders 9.7% major depressive disorder 4% recognition rate of physicians 15.9%

  16. Problems and Propose Problems: • Knowledge of Mental Health still not popular. • General medical staff lack of mental health training • High prevalence rate, High death rate, High disable rate • Mental Health need legislation to guarantee • Stigma and privileges still exist in society

  17. Treatment of Mental Diseases • Drugs therapy: Antipsychotic drugs Antidepressant Antianxiety Hypnotic etc. • Psychotherapy：Psychoanalytic,Cognitive-behavior, Interpersonal relationship, Family therapy, Relaxation therapy, Group therapy etc • Physic therapy: ECT, Biofeedback etc • Social support and management

  18. Prevention Mental Illness • Primary prevention: to increase protective factors and reduce risky factors for mental illness. • Secondary prevention: to reduce harm through early discovery, early diagnosis and treatment • Tertiary prevention:to train the patients to improve their abilities of looking after themselves, adapting to society and occupational skills in order to reduce disability and social dysfunctions, promote rehabilitation and prevent relapse.

  19. Methods to Promote Mental Health • Foster healthy personalities • Healthy life methods and behavior habits • Improve adaptation to natural and social environment • Improve coping abilities to mental stresses • Reduce negative influences, prevent mental disorders and psychosomatic disorders • Develop community psychiatric services

  20. Methods to Promote Mental Health(Cont.) • To have knowledge of oneself • To accept oneself • To explore one’s potential abilities and keep contacts with reality through practices • To build positive interpersonal relationships • To seek help and support • To improve adaptation and coping skills

  21. Learning Self Management • Methods to control emotions: distraction, dissociation, weakening, empathy,sublimation, undoing, catharsis, etc • Learn to be patience and tolerant • Treat frustration and unfortunate things correctly • Properly adapt “The method of mental victory” • Pay an attenuation to train strong will and build up scientific world view.

  22. Ways to reduce mental Stress • Talk to a person you trust • Try a change of pace • Take one step at a time • Get rid of anger safely • Take it easy • Do something for yourself • Do something for someone else

  23. Propose: to guarantee society harmony and stabilization and people’s health • To widespread mental health knowledge , everybody needs mental health (especially for weak populations ） • Both governmental and non-governmental branches and organizations need to participate and cooperate in mental health • To be against stigma and insult to patients with mental illness • To popularize methods of prompting psychological health • To include mental health to construction of spiritual civilization • To expand and make the mental health service system perfect

  24. Thank you ！

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