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Drug Identification and Toxicology

Drug Identification and Toxicology. 1. Poison Naturally occurring or manufactured substance that can cause severe harm or death if ingested, inhaled, absorbed, or injected. 2. Toxin

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Drug Identification and Toxicology

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  1. Drug Identification and Toxicology 1. Poison Naturally occurring or manufactured substance that can cause severe harm or death if ingested, inhaled, absorbed, or injected. 2. Toxin Poisonous substance produced by certain plants, animals, or bacteria; capable of causing disease or death (subgroup of poisons).

  2. Toxicity and Toxic Agents Toxicity • degree to which a substance is poisonous or can cause harm • important factors: • dose (how much) • duration (how long) • exposure (inhale, ingest, inject) • nature of the drug (how it interacts with body and other substances) Toxic Agents– alcohol, drugs, heavy metals, solvents & vapors, radiation, pesticides, and plant/animal toxins

  3. Brief History Hemlock, 399 BC By 17th century, people were quite adept at using poisons to kill people, especially arsenic. Murder by poison not popular anymore. Why? (easier to get gun that controlled substances)

  4. Screening for Drugs

  5. Screening Tests Most widely used: TLC, Immunoassay, and Color Tests: Drug______ Marquis Heroin, Morphine, Amphetamines Cobalt Thocyanate Cocaine Dilli-KoppanyiBarbituates VanUrk LSD Duquenois-Levine Marijuana

  6. Molecular Structures of Narcotics and Stimulants amphetamine

  7. Marquis Reagent Test for opiates (heroin, morphine, codeine), cocaine, and amphetamines

  8. Cobalt thiocynate Testa.k.a. Scott Test Cocaine-- Positive test results in blue solution

  9. Dillie-Koppanyi Test Test for barbituate turns solution violet-blue

  10. VanUrk Test Positive test results in blue-purple solution Molecular Structure of LSD( D-lysergic acid diethylamide)

  11. Marijuana THC (tetrahydrocannabinol )

  12. Duqenois-Levine Reagent Purple color is a positive test; ibuprofin can cause a false positive

  13. Immunoassay Used to detect a variety of drugs in saliva, urine

  14. Detection Period of Drugs

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