The Outer Planets Section 4

1. Chapter 20 – The Solar System The Outer PlanetsSection4

2. Facts and Pictures From http://solarsystem.nasa.gov

3. The Outer Planets Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov

4. The Outer Planets Image From: clarkplanetarium.org

5. The Outer Planets Intro-duction • The four planets furthest from the sun are the outer planets. • They are . . . • large. • made of gases. • made of mostly hydrogen and helium. • have rings. • thought to have partly solid cores.

6. The Outer Planets Jupiter Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

7. The Outer Planets Jupiter • Most massive planet. • Similar to a star in its composition – hydrogen and helium. • Jupiter’s Atmosphere: • atmosphere with colorful bands and thick clouds. • great red spot is a large, ongoing storm many times larger than Earth. Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

8. The Outer Planets Jupiter • Jupiter’s Moons: • Four very large moons. • Io – most volcanically active body in solar system and has tides in its solid matter because of Jupiter’s strong gravity • Europa – surface is mostly covered with water • Ganymede – largest moon in the solar system (larger than Mercury) and only one with its own magnetic field • Callistos – lots of craters Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

9. The Outer Planets Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

10. The Outer Planets Images From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

11. The Outer Planets Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

12. The Outer Planets PLANET FACTS • Average Distance from the Sun: • Mass: • Volume: • Density: • Gravity: 5.2 A.U. or 483,682,810 miles 317.8 x Earth or 1.9 x 1027 kg 1316 x Earth or 3.4 x 1014 mi3 0.241 x Earth or 1.33 g/cm3 2.14 x Earth (If you weigh 100 lbs on Earth, then you would weigh 214 lbs on Jupiter.) Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

13. The Outer Planets PLANET FACTS • Period of Rotation: • Period of Revolution: • Moons: • Temperature: • Average Orbit Speed: 0.41 Earth Days 12 Earth Years 50 -243°F 0.44 x Earth or 29,236 mph Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

14. The Outer Planets Saturn Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

15. The Outer Planets Saturn • Second largest planet in solar system. • Thick atmosphere of hydrogen and helium with clouds and storms. • Planet with the smallest density – it is less dense than water. Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

16. The Outer Planets Saturn • Saturn’s rings: • rings are wide and thin • made of chunks of ice and rock that are as small as a grain of sand to as large as a house • divided into regions that have dozens of smaller rings so thousands of rings in all • each ring orbits at a different speed Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

17. The Outer Planets Images From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

18. The Outer Planets Saturn • Saturn’s Moons: • two moons orbit in gaps between rings • some moons interact with rings • Titan – second-largest moon in solar system that has an early Earth type of atmosphere Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

19. The Outer Planets Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

20. The Outer Planets PLANET FACTS • Average Distance from the Sun: • Mass: • Volume: • Density: • Gravity: 9.5 A.U. or 885,904,700 miles 95.2 x Earth or 5.7 x 1026 kg 763.6 x Earth or 8.3 x 1014 km3 0.13 x Earth or 0.7 g/cm3 1.06 x Earth (If you weigh 100 lbs on Earth, then you would weigh 106 lbs on Saturn.) Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

21. The Outer Planets PLANET FACTS • Period of Rotation: • Period of Revolution: • Moons: • Temperature: • Average Orbit Speed: 0.43 Earth Days 29 Earth Years 53 -288°F 0.33 x Earth or 21,637 mph Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

22. The Outer Planets Uranus Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

23. The Outer Planets Uranus • Atmosphere of mainly hydrogen and helium. • Looks bluish because of methane in its atmosphere. • Only planet with equator at almost a right angle to its orbit (looks like it is lying on its side). Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

24. The Outer Planets Uranus • Uranus’s Moons: • named for characters in Shakespeare • appear to be ½ ice and ½ rock • Miranda – smallest and closest moon that has fault line that is 12 x deeper than the Grand Canyon • some moons are very close together Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

25. The Outer Planets Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

26. The Outer Planets Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

27. The Outer Planets PLANET FACTS • Average Distance from the Sun: • Mass: • Volume: • Density: • Gravity: 19.2 A.U. or 1,783,939,400 miles 14.4 x Earth or 8.7 x 1025 kg 63.1 x Earth or 6.8 x 1013 km3 0.24 x Earth or 1.30 g/cm3 0.86 x Earth (If you weigh 100 lbs on Earth, then you would weigh 86 lbs on Uranus.) Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

28. The Outer Planets PLANET FACTS • Period of Rotation: • Period of Revolution: • Moons: • Temperature: • Average Orbit Speed: 0.72 Earth Days 84 Earth Years 27 -357°F 0.3 x Earth or 15,290 mph Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

29. The Outer Planets Neptune Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

30. The Outer Planets Neptune • Distance from sun makes it dark and cold. • Made of mostly hydrogen and helium. • Has not yet had a full rotation around the sun since its discovery in 1846. Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

31. The Outer Planets Neptune • Neptune’s Moons: • Triton – • has ice volcanoes that spit out a mixture of liquid nitrogen, methane, and dust that instantly freezes and snows back onto the surface • one of the coldest objects in the solar system at -400ºF • only moon in solar system that orbits opposite to the planet’s rotation Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

32. The Outer Planets Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

33. The Outer Planets Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

34. The Outer Planets PLANET FACTS • Average Distance from the Sun: • Mass: • Volume: • Density: • Gravity: 30.1 A.U. or 2,795,084,800 miles 17.1 x Earth or 1.03 x 1026 kg 57.7 x Earth or 6.3 x 1013 km3 0.3 x Earth or 1.76 g/cm3 1.10 x Earth (If you weigh 100 lbs on Earth, then you would weigh 110 lbs on Neptune.) Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

35. The Outer Planets PLANET FACTS • Period of Rotation: • Period of Revolution: • Moons: • Temperature: • Average Orbit Speed: 0.67 Earth Days 165 Earth Years 13 -353°F 0.49 x Earth or 12,253 mph Image From: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/