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HS1 integumentary system

HS1 integumentary system. 7 Functions. 1. Protection 2. Regulates body temperature 3. Manufactures Vitamin D 4. Sensory perception 5. Temporary storage of fat, glucose, water and salts 6. Screens out harmful ultraviolet radiation 7. Absorbs certain drugs. Layers of your Skin.

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HS1 integumentary system

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  1. HS1 integumentary system

  2. 7 Functions • 1. Protection • 2. Regulates body temperature • 3. Manufactures Vitamin D • 4. Sensory perception • 5. Temporary storage of fat, glucose, water and salts • 6. Screens out harmful ultraviolet radiation • 7. Absorbs certain drugs

  3. Layers of your Skin

  4. 3 Layers of your Skin • 1. Epidermis • Outermost covering • Epithelial cells • Avascular • 2. Dermis • True skin • Connective tissue • Vascular • 3. Subcutaneous tissue

  5. Layers broken down….

  6. Layers of the Skin Epidermis

  7. EPIDERMIS • Thickness varies on location *thinnest on eyelids *thickest on palms of hands & soles of feet.

  8. EPIDERMIS • 4 cell types • Keratinocytes produces keratin which keeps skin dry and is a barrier to UV & bacteria 2. Merkel Cells Sensory receptors for touch 3. Melanocytes Make protein “melanin” – give you your color. The more melanin the darker you are Freckles = patches of melanin 4. Langerhans Cells defend microorganisms

  9. Epidermis cont… • 5 layers • Stratum Germinativum (deepest) • Stratum Spinosum • Stratum Granulosum (keratinization begins & cells die) • Stratum Lucidum • Stratum Corneum

  10. Epidermis cont… • Lower edge of layer #1 has ridges known as “papillae” - very pronounced in fingers/soles/palms -provide resistance to slipping for holding/grasping objects -create individual fingerprints & footprints.

  11. Layers of the Skin Cont…. Dermis

  12. Dermis • Consists of Connective Tissue Collagen tissue bands Elastic fibers Nerve endings Muscles Hair follicles Oil & sweat glands Fat Cells • Thickest over soles of feet & palms of hands

  13. Dermis cont… • Contains nerve receptors • Sensory nerves – heat, cold, touch, pain and pressure • Touch receptors close to the surface • Pressure receptors are deeper • Blood vessels in dermis aid in the regulation of body temp. An or in outside temp makes blood vessels dilate to bring warmed blood flow to the surface of your body.

  14. Layers of the Skin Cont… *Subcutaneous

  15. Subcutaneous • Also called “Superficial fascia” or “Hypodermal” Layer • Not a true part of integumentary system (attaches dermis to surface muscles)

  16. Subcutaneous • Consists of loose connective tissue • Contains ½ of body's stored fat. • Some injections can be given here (abbreviated SQ – given at 45 degree angle)

  17. Includes Hair, Nails, Sweat Glands, & Oil Glands Appendages of the Skin

  18. Appendages of the Skin Hair

  19. Hair • Almost everywhere on the body (except palms, soles, glans penis, & inner vaginal labia) • Length, thickness, type and color varies

  20. Hair • Length, thickness, type and color varies • Outer layer = CORTEX (as one ages, pigment replaced with air and looks white/gray) • Inner layer = MEDULLA • Part under the skin = ROOT • Part outside the skin = SHAFT (protects skin surface)

  21. Hair cont… • FOLLICLE = pocket in epidermis, hair inside (determines straight or curly hair) • PAPILLA = tuft of tissue in root, contains capillaries • ARRECTOR PILI MUSCLE = attached on side of each follicle, when stimulated by a sudden chill it contracts and causes skin to pucker “Goosebumps”

  22. Appendages of Skin Nails

  23. Nails • Formed in the nail bed “matrix” • Epidermal cells fuse together and fill with keratin

  24. Appendages of Skin Sweat Glands “SUDORIFEROUS GLANDS”

  25. Sweat Glands • Perspiration = sweat (99% water) • Distributed over the entire skin surface • Large numbers under the arms, palms of hands, soles of feet and forehead

  26. Sweat Glands • Duct extends to form a pore in the skin, perspiration excreted through the pores • May be activated by heat, pain, fever and nervousness • Average fluid loss is 500 ml per day

  27. Appendages of Skin Oil Glands“Sebaceous Glands”

  28. Oil glands • Secret oil (SEBUM) that protects and lubricates the skin • Keeps skin soft & pliable

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