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1941 British install Nuri al-Sa‘id (d. 1958) as PM of Iraq 1958 Coup led by ‘Abd al-Karim

1941 British install Nuri al-Sa‘id (d. 1958) as PM of Iraq 1958 Coup led by ‘Abd al-Karim Qasim. Nuri al-Sa‘id and king killed. Republic declared with Qasim as PM 1962 Kurdish revolt in N. Iraq Ba‘th (“renaissance”) party. 1963 Coup by Ba‘thists. Qasim executed,

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1941 British install Nuri al-Sa‘id (d. 1958) as PM of Iraq 1958 Coup led by ‘Abd al-Karim

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  1. 1941 British install Nuri al-Sa‘id (d. 1958) as PM of Iraq 1958 Coup led by ‘Abd al-Karim Qasim. Nuri al-Sa‘id and king killed. Republic declared with Qasim as PM 1962 Kurdish revolt in N. Iraq Ba‘th (“renaissance”) party

  2. 1963 Coup by Ba‘thists. Qasim executed, replaced by ‘Abd al-Salam Arif 1968 Coup by nationalist army officers and Ba‘thists of Revolutionary Command Council. Ahmad Hasan al-Bakr (d. 1982) becomes president, PM and commander in chief of armed forces 1977 First Shi‘ite joins regime

  3. 1979 Al-Bakr resigns, succeeded by Saddam Husayn (Hussein) al-Takriti (d. 2006) 1980-88 Iran-Iraq war. Hussein attacks Iran (1980), Iran turns tables (1981), invades Iraq (1984), cease fire eventually agreed (1988) 1988-90 US-Iraq co-operation continues

  4. 1990 Hussein invades Kuwait George H.W. Bush sends troops to protect Saudi Arabia and liberate Kuwait, supported by Saudi, Gulf states, France, UK, Egypt, Syria and others. Bush and King Fahd of Saudi (r. 1982-2005) assume joint command. Hussein takes hostages, mobilises forces and plunders Kuwait. Also seeks to rally Muslims to jihad

  5. Jan 1991 Coalition forces attack Iraqi forces Feb 1991 Kuwait retaken, Hussein accepts cease-fire

  6. 1998 Weapons inspectors withdrawn from Iraq. US/UK air strikes on suspected WMD facilities follow 2002 George W. Bush condemns Iraq for hiding WMD. Weapons inspectors return, but Iraqi compliance is limited. US begins troop build-up in region Jan-Feb 2003 US claims that it has evidence of Iraqi WMD

  7. March 2003 US launches attack on Iraq, despite lack of UN support and worldwide opposition. Aided by UK and others May 2003 Iraq taken by coalition forces. Soon after interim government is set up and insurgencies begin Dec 2003 Saddam Hussein captured

  8. 28th Jun 2004 Power officially handed over to interim government 30th Jan 2005 Elections for new Iraqi government 30th Dec 2006 Saddam Hussein executed Dec 2011 Last foreign (US) troops leave Iraq

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