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Behavioral Addictions: Are they Really Addictions?

Behavioral Addictions: Are they Really Addictions?. Thomas E. Legere, Ph.D. How do we Decide?. Old School: DSM. We Need a NEW Model! From THREE Sources…. Source #1: The DSM. Source #2: What Those Who Suffer From the Disease Say. Source #3: Neurobiology.

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Behavioral Addictions: Are they Really Addictions?

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  1. Behavioral Addictions:Are they Really Addictions? Thomas E. Legere, Ph.D.

  2. How do we Decide?

  3. Old School: DSM

  4. We Need a NEW Model! From THREE Sources…

  5. Source #1: The DSM

  6. Source #2: What Those Who Suffer From the Disease Say

  7. Source #3: Neurobiology

  8. Three TYPES of Addictions

  9. I. HARD Addictions: Alcohol & Drugs

  10. II. SOFT Addictions: Nicotine & Caffeine

  11. III. BEHAVIORAL Addictions

  12. Three Levels of Addiction: • Mild • Moderate • Severe

  13. Soft Addictions: “Soft” for a Reason

  14. Proposed Behavioral Addictions: • Sex • Love • Gambling • Exercise • Eating

  15. What Makes them “Real” Addictions (or not)?

  16. Need Common Criteria for Hard Addictions & Behavioral Addictions

  17. Honestly: The DSM is Not Buying Behavioral Addictions

  18. DSM: • Compulsive Disorders • Pathological Behavior • Eating Disorders

  19. Twelve Integrated Criteria (DSM, Experience, Neurobiology)

  20. 1. “Pleasure Pathway” In the Brain

  21. 2. Same Brain Chemicals Involved • Dopamine • Gaba • Serotonin • Glutamate • Endorphins • Cortisone • Norepinephrine • Corticotrophin • Epinephrine • Histamine • Enkephalins • Anandamide • Acetylcholine

  22. 3. Tolerance

  23. 4. Use to “Intoxication”: “I Can’t Stop!”

  24. 5. Obsessive Dimension

  25. 6. Denial

  26. 7. Continued Use Despite Adverse Consequences

  27. 8. Progressive Escalation of “Intake” and Problems

  28. 9. Repeated Attempts To Control Use

  29. 10. Withdrawal

  30. 11. Incurable (Only Remission)

  31. 12. Effectiveness of 12 Step Program

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