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Psychology 330: Perception

Psychology 330: Perception. Psychophysics. What is REAL?. I. Physics and Psychology. Physical Reality and Perceived Reality Material - Mental The dualist tradition in psychophysics Monism v dualism How do the two relate?. Psychophysical Method. Collecting data

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Psychology 330: Perception

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  1. Psychology 330: Perception

    Psychophysics
  2. What is REAL?
  3. I. Physics and Psychology Physical Reality and Perceived Reality Material - Mental The dualist tradition in psychophysics Monism v dualism How do the two relate?
  4. Psychophysical Method Collecting data Method of constant stimuli Method of limits Method of adjustment Magnitude estimation Cross modal matching
  5. Method of Constant Stimuli Many intensities above and below “limen” Test taker indicates which stimuli are detected Intensity for presentation selected randomly
  6. Method of Limits Same as constant stimuli BUT presented intensities NOT random Titration method – zero in around limen
  7. Method of Adjustment Same as method of limits BUT participant adjusts the intensity levels themselves
  8. Magnitude Estimation Participant assigns numbers to represent relative intensity levels of presented stimuli
  9. Cross Modal Matching Participants match intensities of stimuli from one sense modality (e.g. light) with intensities from another (e.g. sound)
  10. Some Classic Results: Thresholds Absolute Difference – JND Weber Fraction As baseline intensity increases, theintensity change required for the JND increases
  11. Fechner Law “Psychophysical scaling” relationbetween psychological and physical S = k (log) RS= sensationR = stimulus intensity
  12. Steven’s Power LawS= a I b
  13. Decisions in the Gray Areas – Signal Detection Theory Signal detection theory Brief history Hallmark assumptions d’ B ROC curves
  14. II. Physiology and Psychology Functioning of the nervous system An N=1 experiment: the eyeball test Doctrine of specific nerve energies We don’t experience the world; we experience our nerves firing. It doesn’t matter HOW a neuron is activated, only that it IS.
  15. III. Philosophy and Perception Sense Data Theories Direct Realismaka Naïve Adverbial Theories Not a brown square, but me seeing brownly Qualities we perceive are modifications of our action (adverb) QUALIA – instrinsic properties of experience Intentionalist Theories – representation Mental states are “about something” in the real world
  16. Alt approaches Gibson’s Affordances Theory Embodiment/Enaction theory Which is correct?
  17. Sensory Receptors Specialized cells – unitaskers, limited in range Receive information in the form of physical energy and to convert it into action potentials (transduction) Back to the eyeball experiment Sensation versus Perception S= Carry information on towards the brain S = “Raw” data after initial conversion P = Organization, Selection, Integration, Interpretation
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