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Sensorintegrative Dysfunction in Vestibular Disorders after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review

This review examines the underlying vestibular dysfunction in individuals with traumatic brain injury. It explores the impact on spatial perception, balance, dizziness, and emotional functioning, and discusses the importance of assessing central vestibular deficits for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

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Sensorintegrative Dysfunction in Vestibular Disorders after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review

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  1. Sensorintegrative dysfunction underlying vestibular disorders after traumatic brain injury: A review Laura M. Franke, PhD; William C. Walker, MD; David X. Cifu, MD; Alfred L. Ochs, PhD; Henry L. Lew, MD, PhD

  2. Aim • Current methods of assessing vestibular system: • Describe vestibular deficits after traumatic brain injury. • Differentiate blunt and blast trauma. • Have not examined full range of vestibular functions that depend on cerebral structures above midbrain. • Relevance • Vestibular symptoms are persistent and problematic sequelae of blast exposure. • Evidence suggests that these symptoms often stem from injury to central nervous system (CNS).

  3. Methods • Reviewed English-language articles with human participants on PubMed and Google Scholar using following search terms: • mild traumatic brain injury, blast injury, vestibular, balance, dizziness, vestibule-ocular reflex, posturography, subjective visual vertical, central nervous system, cortex, vestibular cortex, lesions, neuroimaging

  4. Results • Damage to central vestibular circuits can lead to deficits in vital processes of spatial perception and navigation, dizziness, and disequilibrium. • May also affect emotional functioning, particularly noradrenergically modulated states of anxiety. • Perceptual functions can be assessed to determine CNS involvement in vestibular symptoms and provide greater confidence when excluding vestibular dysfunction.

  5. Conclusion • Ability to detect central vestibular dysfunction will significantly enhance our response to dizziness and balance symptoms that are common source of distress for veterans.

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