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The Renaissance

The Renaissance. Chapter 11. Characteristics of the Renaissance. Section 1. Contrast the Renaissance attitude toward life with the Medieval outlook. Renaissance – “rebirth” Despised medieval times….ignorance Reveled in the present!.

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The Renaissance

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  1. The Renaissance Chapter 11

  2. Characteristics of the Renaissance Section 1

  3. Contrast the Renaissance attitude toward life with the Medieval outlook. • Renaissance – “rebirth” • Despised medieval times….ignorance • Reveled in the present!

  4. Contrast humanism and its effects with a Biblical view of man. • Emphasized individuals • Humanism….but did not abandon God….different than modern Humanism • Misunderstanding of mankind….are we good?

  5. List the causes of the Renaissance revival of learning. • Trade, national governments • Found works such as Cicero • Lawyers • Muslim and Byzantine writings, classical literature

  6. Describe the humanistic learning of the Renaissance • Humanities/ liberal arts: history, science, grammar, classical literature, philosophy • What’s the difference between studying now vs. then? • What was the goal of education? • Ignorance = evil • Praise Cicero above all • Searching for manuscripts

  7. Course of the Renaissance Section 2

  8. Explain why the Renaissance began in Italy • 1.) Ancient Rome • 2.) Byzantine and Islamic Cultures • 3.) Trade Route riches

  9. Identify the patrons of the Renaissance artists and identify the Medici’s (Lorenzo in particular) as the most prominent patrons after the church • Bankers and merchants were patrons • The Medici family • Manuscripts, libraries, painting, sculpting, politics, etc. • Lorenzo de Medici, “The Magnificent”, in Florence • 1500s….Renaissance spreading!

  10. Explain how the Renaissance moved to Northern Europe • Students • Merchants • Started by copying Italians, then developing their own styles

  11. “Italian Humanist Writers,” Introduction: Identify the city that was the center of culture in Italy and explain why it was the center of culture. • Florence • Commerce, wealth, and all the talented lived there

  12. Florence

  13. “Italian Humanist Writers,” Major Thinkers: Match each person with his description. • Francesco Petrarch – • The pioneer of Renaissance humanism • Composed Latin poems, modeling them after classical poetry. • Later, generations, however, remember him best for his vernacular writings. • In sonnets (fourteen-line poems) and letters to his friends, he expressed human interest and emotions. • In letters addressed to his heroes of the past- Cicero, Virgil, and Livy- Petrarch places his own day on an equal plane with the days of ancient Rome. • The Father of Humanism.

  14. Petrarch

  15. BaldassareCastiglion – • Wrote one of the most famous books on etiquette (social behavior) published during the Renaissance. • He presents the Courtier as a man of character, well educated, courageous, and courteous.

  16. Baldassare Castiglione

  17. Machiavelli – • Wrote The Prince. • Tells his readers that a successful ruler must do what is expedient and not be governed by principles of right and wrong. Such a man uses force when necessary, for ‘it is much safer to be feared, than loved’. • Promoted the concept of the secular state – one freed from moral restraints and religious principles. • Some scholars today think that we may have taken him out of context and misrepresented his teachings.

  18. “Northern Humanist Writers,” Introduction--Contrast the northern and Italian humanists: • Religion!

  19. “Northern Humanist Writers,” Major Thinkers:

  20. Erasmus: (1466-1536) • Scholar, prince of Humanists • Spurred Protestant Reformation, but remained Catholic • Praise of Folly • Church reform • First edition of Greek New Testament

  21. Erasmus The Praise of Folly

  22. Sir Thomas More – (1478-1535) • Piety, devoted to country • Friend of Erasmus • Wrote Utopia • Beheaded for Treason!....by the king, his “friend”

  23. Sir Thomas More King Henry VIII

  24. Johannes Gutenberg: What did he do? Why was this so important?

  25. Cervantes: • Wrote Don Quixote

  26. William Shakespeare • Known as greatest playwright • Part of Lord’s Chamberlain’s Men • Globe Theater • 154 sonnets • 37 plays • Why were his works so popular?

  27. The Visual Arts

  28. “The Visual Arts,” Introduction: Contrast Renaissance and medieval artists. • P. 264

  29. Renaissance vs. Medieval • Emphasized present physical world. • Supported by secular patrons. • Artists wanted fame and praise. • Realistic and 3-demintional. • Portrayed kings, merchants, and secular individuals. • Painting and sculpture were most popular. • Emphasized spiritual realm and life to come • Supported by church of Rome. • Worked for glory of God. • Flat and 2-demintional. • Portrayed church leaders, biblical characters, or saints. • Architecture was most popular.

  30. Early vs. High Renaissance Painters: identify who were the major painters of the Early Renaissance (Giotto, Masaccio, and Boticelli) and who were the major painters of the High Renaissance (da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo).

  31. Giotto de Bondone (1266-1337) • The most famous painter of the early Italian Renaissance. • Father of Renaissance painting. • He opened a new era of art in the Western world. • Sought to make painting more natural. His figures were more realistic and exhibited human feelings. • Three dimensional look. • Famous for Frescoes (paintings on wet plaster)

  32. The Last Judgment

  33. The Holy Innocents

  34. Fresco at the church at Padua

  35. Masaccio (1401-1428) • By means of shading, he created a three dimensional affect in his painting. • This technique enabled him to portray human figures with a realism that had been missing in the work of previous painters.

  36. Holy Trinity

  37. Rendering of the Tribute Money

  38. Sandro Botticelli (1444-1510) • Added movement. • Boticelli’searly paintings reflected the humanistic spirit prevalent in the Medici court. Fell under the influence of the preaching of the monk, Savonarola. He became a convert, • His paintings took on a more religious and moral outlook.

  39. The Adoration of the Magi

  40. Madonna of the Pomegranate

  41. Girolamo Savonarola (1452-1498) (SAV uh nuh Roll uh) • Read section on page 265 together

  42. The High Renaissance Painters—Describe the high Renaissance. • The center of culture shifted from Florence, to Rome. • The papacy became the major patron of Italian artists. • High Renaissance artists mastered the painting techniques that the Italian artists of the 15th century had pioneered.

  43. Leonardo daVinci (1452-1519) • Renaissance man. • Interest in a wide range of fields. • Accomplished sculptor, architect, painter, musician, and poet.

  44. The Last Supper

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