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GlueX: Search for Gluonic Excitations at JLab. Dr. David Lawrence Jefferson Lab. Motivation. Simplest quark-structure is a meson. Meson Wave Function. Confinement: Quarks cannot exist alone. Hybrid Models. Bag Model Flux Tube Model Constituent Gluon Model QCD Sum Rules +
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GlueX: Search for Gluonic Excitations at JLab Dr. David Lawrence Jefferson Lab GlueX/Exotics 2005
Motivation Simplest quark-structure is a meson Meson Wave Function Confinement: Quarks cannot exist alone GlueX/Exotics 2005
Hybrid Models • Bag Model • Flux Tube Model • Constituent Gluon Model • QCD Sum Rules + • Lattice Gauge Theory (model indep.) GlueX/Exotics 2005
The Flux Tube Model G. Bali GlueX/Exotics 2005
~1GeV mass difference Hybrid Mesons GlueX/Exotics 2005
+ = S = 0 L = 0 JPC = 0-+ (, K) Hybrid Mesons L = 1 JPC = 1-+ , 1+- JPC = 1-- , 1++ Hybrid Meson or , , , … ? P = (-1)L+1 C = (-1)L+S GlueX/Exotics 2005
+ = S = 1 L = 0 JPC = 1-- (, ) Exotic! Hybrid Mesons L = 1 JPC = 1-+ , 1+- JPC = 0-+, 1-+, 2-+ 0+-, 1+-, 2+- GlueX/Exotics 2005
Hybrids Should Appear as a Nonet 9 hybrid particles Should exist for each JPC combination GlueX/Exotics 2005
1-+ Hybrid Mass spectrumFrom LQCD calculations. All masses in GeV/c2 / Collaboration UKQCD(97) 1.87 + 0.2 2.0 + 0.2 MILC(97) 1.97 + 0.09 + 0.30 2.170+0.080+0.30 MILC(99) 2.11 + 0.10 + (sys) SESAM(98) 1.9 + 0.20 Mei & Luo(03) 2.013 + 0.026 + 0.071 Bernard et al.(04) 1.792 + 0.139 2.100 + 0.120 GlueX/Exotics 2005
Light Meson Spectrum Exotic quantum numbers imply deeper structure than simple (No mixing with those states!) GlueX/Exotics 2005
Why Are Hybrids Hard To See? • Most searches involve looking at twobody final states. Coupling of hybrids totwo body final states is almost nonexistent • “Large” masses (~2GeV/c2) • About 1/3 of the (exotic) states havebroad widths GlueX/Exotics 2005
Hybrid Decays Hybrids preferentially couple to states with Both an S-wave and P-wave meson X b1 X f1 X a2 X a1 GlueX/Exotics 2005
Hybrid Candidates(?) 1(1400) 1-+ E852,Crys. Barrel,VES 1(1600) 1-+ E852,Crys. Barrel,VES 1(2000) 1-+ E852 2(1880) 2-+ E852 a1(2096) 1++ E852 GlueX/Exotics 2005
Decay modes not “hybrid-like” 1(1400) JPC = 1-+ (Looks like a meson-meson molecule!) GlueX/Exotics 2005
1(1600) JPC = 1-+ E852 PRL 86, 3977 (2001) GlueX/Exotics 2005
1(2000) JPC = 1-+ f1(1285) E852 hep-ex/0405044 v1 (2004) ; E852 Phys. Lett. B595(2004) 109-117 GlueX/Exotics 2005
,K Hadroproduction vs. Photoproduction Non-Exotic Exotic* GlueX/Exotics 2005
Incident Photon Energy Need at least E = 8.4GeV - 9GeV to access masses upto 2.8GeV/c2 GlueX/Exotics 2005
Linearly Polarized s(produced by coherent bremsstrahlung) Having the angle between the photon polarization vector and reaction plane provides an additional handle in the analysis that can simplify the PWA. The angle is related to naturality of exchange particle e. GlueX/Exotics 2005
Location of Jefferson Lab GlueX/Exotics 2005
add Hall D (and beam line) Upgrade magnets and power supplies CHL-2 Enhance equipment in existing halls Jlab Upgrade GlueX/Exotics 2005
The GlueX Detector 1 Hermetic Design GlueX/Exotics 2005
The GlueX Detector(all aboard!) GlueX/Exotics 2005
Acceptance of GlueX detector p → 1 p → +−4 p Good acceptance of both charged and neutral particles GJ cosGJ GlueX/Exotics 2005
X p n PWA Double Blind Monte Carlo Study of 3 Final states p → 1+n → ++−n → +00n Background waves included a1(1260), a2(1320) and 2 (1670) GlueX/Exotics 2005
Protoyping and Testing GlueX/Exotics 2005
Beam Flux and Event Rate Eelectron = 12GeV Coherent Peak E = 9GeV In the first year, GlueX will exceed existing photoproduction data by a couple of orders of magnitude. It will also exceed existing hadroproduction data. GlueX/Exotics 2005
Status of Upgrade DOE Order 413.3 Project Management Manual CD-0 Approve Mission Need FY2004 CD-1 Approve Preliminary Baseline Range FY2005 CD-2 Approve Performance Baseline Range FY2007 CD-3 Approve Start of Construction FY2008 Start of Data Taking FY2011 GlueX/Exotics 2005
Summary • Understanding confinement means understanding the glue which binds quarks. Hybrid mesons are perhaps the most promising subject for studying the nature of the glue • A rich spectrum of hybrid mesons is predicted. Models agree the masses of hybrid states should be around 2GeV, some with exotic JPC. GlueX/Exotics 2005
Summary • GlueX is being constructed to map out the spectrum of Exotic Hybrid Mesons with unprecedented statistics. • GlueX will begin taking data in 2011 GlueX/Exotics 2005