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Warm-up

Learn about the phases of the moon, solar and lunar eclipses, and how Earth's atmosphere affects the appearance of the moon during an eclipse. Discover interesting facts and diagrams in this educational resource.

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Warm-up

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  1. Warm-up • Take out your science notebooks. • In the notes section, on a blank sheet of paper complete the following activity. • Draw the diagram. Fill in the correct phases of the moon as seen from earth. Label each phase. Earth Sun

  2. Eclipses and Tides http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/multimedia/gallery/Earth_Moon.jpg

  3. Intro • The Moon orbits at an angle with respect to the Earth’s orbit around the Sun. Ecliptic plane Moon’s orbital plane

  4. Eclipses • Two kinds: Solar and Lunar

  5. Vocabulary Umbra - is the innermost and darkest part of a shadow, where the light source is completely blocked. An observer in the umbra experiences a total eclipse. Penumbra -is the region in which only a portion of the light source is blocked. An observer in the penumbra experiences a partial eclipse.

  6. Solar Eclipse • When the Moon’s shadow covers part of Earth • Moon is in between Sun and Earth • When viewed from Earth, moon covers part or all of sun • Only happens at New Moon

  7. Total Solar Eclipse • Observers in the “umbra” shadow see a total eclipse (safe to view the Sun); can see the corona • Those in “penumbra” see a partial eclipse—not safe to look directly at Sun • Only lasts a few minutes • Path of Totality about 10,000 miles long, only 100 miles wide

  8. Photo of a Total Eclipse http://sunearthday.nasa.gov/2006/multimedia/gal_008.php

  9. Eclipses • Lunar eclipse: A lunar eclipse occurs when the moon passes through the shadow of the earth. • Can be partial or full eclipse

  10. When the Earth’s shadow covers the Moon, we have a lunar eclipse

  11. Why is the Moon red during an eclipse? • The Earth’s atmosphere filters some sunlight and allows it to reach the Moon’s surface • The blue light is removed—scattered down to make a blue sky over those in daytime • Remaining light is red or orange • Some of this remaining light is bent or refracted so that a small fraction of it reaches the Moon • Exact appearance depends on dust and clouds in the Earth’s atmosphere

  12. Sun Earth Moon

  13. Ellipse – elongated oval shape • Temperature – measured in Fahrenheit, Celsius and Kelvin • Greenhouse effect – trapping of gasses which doesn’t allow heat to escape – temperatures are extreme

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