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Lo Cultural en Cross Cultural Neuropsychology

Lo Cultural en Cross Cultural Neuropsychology. Antonio E. Puente University of North Carolina at Wilmington Universidad de los Andes Agosto 26, 2004. Outline. Background Basic Concepts Research Program Possible Interpretations Future Considerations. Background. Heritage

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Lo Cultural en Cross Cultural Neuropsychology

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  1. Lo Cultural en Cross Cultural Neuropsychology Antonio E. Puente University of North Carolina at Wilmington Universidad de los Andes Agosto 26, 2004

  2. Outline • Background • Basic Concepts • Research Program • Possible Interpretations • Future Considerations

  3. Background • Heritage • Education & Training • Clinical Work and its Limitations

  4. Basic Concepts • Clinical Neuropsychology • History • Current Perspectives • Typical Clinical Activities • Typical Patients • Focus on Detecting Impairments

  5. Basic Concepts II • Culture • Definition = Unwritten Social Rules of Conduct • Author of Rules = Majority Group • Operant Conditioning of Cultural Concepts • Reinforcement • Access to power, money, social opportunities • Punishment • Increased probability of poverty, illness, and isolation

  6. Basic Concepts: Integration • Does Clinical Neuropsychology Tests Measure the Majority Group Culture´s Notion of Acceptable Behavior? • If so, is Brain Damage or Impairment Nothing More than a Misunderstanding or Misapplication of Prevailing Social Rules? • Finally, is There a Neuropsychological “g”, i.e., Common Cognitive and Emotional Variables Shared Across All Cultures?

  7. Research Program • United States • Puerto Rico • Argentina • Spain • Russia • Brazil • Kenya

  8. United States • Intellectual (The Psychological Corporation) • Translation and Standardization of the WISC • Neuropsychological (Ardila & Rosselli) • Neuropsychological Evaluation of the Spanish Speaker • Tests, norms, and limitations • Education and brain dysfunction

  9. Puerto Rico • APA Visiting Psychologist Program • Inroduction of Clinical Neuropsychology to Puerto Rico • Attempt at Adapting English Tests of Cognition in Schizophrenics to Spanish Populations • Whitaker Index of Schizophrenic Thinking • Journal of Clinical Psychology

  10. Argentina • Fulbright Program (Malvinas War) • Introduction of Clinical Neuropsychology to Argentina • Unable to Develop a Collaborative Research Program • Medicine control of neurological & np issues • Psychology´s focus on psychoanalysis • Lack of resources

  11. Spain • Barcelona, Granada, Madrid, Salamanca • Development of: • Educational Opportunties • Teaching Graduate Courses in NP • Assist in establishing the specialty • Visiting professors and students • Research Program • Universidad Complutensa de Madrid • Juan Miguel Tobal, Antonio Cano & Juan Manuel Cespedes • Universidad de Granada • Juan Godoy & Miguel Perez Garcia

  12. Spain II • Luria-Nebraska • Translation & Standardization • Several Presentations and Publications • Other (examples) • Multiple Sclerosis • Epilepsy • Ecologically Valid Meaures

  13. Russia • Moscow State University, Alexander Luria´s Laboratory • Janna Glozman & Tatiana Akutina • Dasha Krotova, Anna Agronovich • Education • Luria’s Conferences • Training & Eaxchange of Ideas • Research

  14. Russia • General Publications • Comparison of Russian & American Approaches • Russian Perestroika • Recent Efforts • Agranovich´s Attempt at Cross-Cultural Neuropsychology • Time is not on my side • All things are not equal

  15. Brazil • Universidad Federal (Sao Paulo) • Vivian Andrade • Guarani Indians • Sample • Measures • Results

  16. Kenya • Masai Tribe • Written Language • Counting and Digitizing • Time • Acquisition • Social Rules • Interface with Leaky • The Role of Consciousness in Evolution

  17. Possible Interpreations:Lessons Learned • Pragmatic • Legal • Financial • Communication • Social & Intellectual Interfacing • Varied Rules for Intellectual Engagment & Productivity

  18. Lessons Learned • Theoretical • Culture Affects Brain Function, Starting Very Early • Brain Function Cannot Be Understood Outside of Socio-Cultural Context • Again, is Brain Dysfunction Nothing More than Cultural Misunderstanding? • Possibilities of Finding Culture-Free Might be in Uneducated Individuals and Others in Long Term Cultural Isolation or Homogeneity

  19. Future Considerations • Luria- The Idea of a Romantic Science • Sperry- The Interface Between the Objective (brain function) and the Subjective (Consciousness) • Interfacing Methodology and Theory and both with Clinical Practice

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