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Mastering Spanish Nouns and Adjectives: Rules and Examples

Learn the rules for Spanish nouns and adjectives regarding gender, numbers, and plural forms. Practice with common adjectives and descriptive sentences. Improve your language skills now!

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Mastering Spanish Nouns and Adjectives: Rules and Examples

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  1. Nouns and Adjectives Notes

  2. What is a NOUN?

  3. Nouns and Gender • ALL nouns in Spanish are either MASCULINE OR FEMININE. • Nouns that refer to males are masculine, those that refer to females are feminine. (EX: boy – chico is masculine) • Most nouns that end in –o are masculine. (EX: chico , taco, dedo, sombrero) • Most nouns that end in –a are feminine. (EX: puerta, mesa, blusa, bandera)

  4. MakingNouns Plural • If a nounoradjectiveends in a VOWEL, addan–s to make it plural. (EX: taco – tacos / silla – sillas) • If a noun or adjective ends in a CONSONANT, add an –es to make it plural. (EX: marcador – marcadores / reloj – relojes) • If a noun or adjective ends in a –z, change the –z to –c and add –es. (EX: lápiz – lápices / nariz – narices)

  5. Nouns and Numbers • Nouns show number – if you are talking about one person/place/thing/idea, the noun is singular. • If you are talking about more than one person/place/thing/idea, the noun is plural (it will end in an –s). (EX: book vs books – libro vs libros)

  6. Definite Articles • The definite article, the, is expressed four ways in Spanish to agree with the noun in NUMBER and GENDER Singular Plural • Masculine el los • Feminine la las • Once there is a male in the group, the masculine plural is used!

  7. What is an Adjective?

  8. Adjectives • Adjectives describe nouns. • In Spanish, they must match the GENDER and NUMBER of the nouns they describe. (EX: El chico es guapo. Las chicas son guapas.) • In Spanish, adjectives usually follow the noun. (EX: the pretty girl VS la chicaguapa)

  9. Adjectives and Gender • Masculine adjectives often end in –o. • El chico guapo • Feminine adjectives often end in –a. • La chica guapa • Most adjectives that end with –e or a consonant refer to both genders. • El chico paciente • La chica paciente

  10. Adjectives and Number • Adjectives must agree in number with the nouns that they describe. • Make adjectives plural the same way that you make nouns plural: if the adjective ends in a vowel, add –s, and if it ends in a consonant, add –es. (EX: los estudiantesinteligentes y estudiosos)

  11. Common Adjectives: • Alto – a • Atrevido – a • Bajo – a • Desordenado – a • Estudioso – a • Gracioso – a • Guapo – a • Impaciente • Inteligente • Ordenado – a • Reservado – a • Sociable • Viejo - a

  12. Inténtalo: • Carla __________ (cute) • Los chicos __________ (short) • El profesor __________ (intelligent) • La profesora __________ (intelligent) • Betty White __________ (old) • Abraham Lincoln __________ (tall) • El estudiante __________ (funny) • La estudiante __________ (funny) • Los estudiantes __________ (funny) • Maria __________ (social)

  13. ¿Cómo es/son?

  14. ¿Cómo es/son?

  15. ¿Cómo es/son?

  16. ¿Cómo es/son?

  17. ¿Cómo es/son?

  18. ¿Cómo es/son?

  19. PAP

  20. Usa un adjetivo para descrir lo siguiente (oracióncompleta): • Tu mejor amigo: • Tus padres: • La casa de tus sueños: • Tu escuela: • Tu maestra de español (be nice!):

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