1 / 25

Climate Change and Health Paul R. Epstein, M.D., M.P.H.

Climate Change and Health Paul R. Epstein, M.D., M.P.H. Center for Health and the Global Environment Harvard Medical School. http://www.med.harvard.edu/chge. TMINS: WINTERS & NIGHTS. HEAT ISLAND EFFECT. RESPIRATORY & CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. Socioeconomic/emotional factors.

kentaro-saitou
Download Presentation

Climate Change and Health Paul R. Epstein, M.D., M.P.H.

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Climate Change and Health Paul R. Epstein, M.D., M.P.H. Center for Health and the Global Environment Harvard Medical School http://www.med.harvard.edu/chge

  2. TMINS: WINTERS & NIGHTS

  3. HEAT ISLAND EFFECT

  4. RESPIRATORY & CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE Socioeconomic/emotional factors Indoor pollutants ASTHMA 2-3fold since1980 FOSSIL FUEL-RELATED Tree & Weed Pollen Diesel PM Ground-level 03 (T-dependant) Floods & Fungi Droughts, Fires & Haze

  5. Global Emergence, Resurgence & Redistribution of Infectious Diseases • 30 DISEASES “NEW” TO MEDICINE SINCE 1976 • HIV/AIDS Ebola • Legionnaires’ E. coli O157:H7 • Multiple Antibiotic-Resistant Agents • Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome • Lyme Disease Nipah Virus • Vibrio cholerae O139Arenaviruses • RESURGENT & REDISTRIBUTING • Malaria, Dengue Fever, West Nile Virus VECTORS Mosquitoes Ticks Rodents Bats Tsetse Flies Fleas Lice Snails Algae

  6. SARS-Severe acute respiratory syndrome CORONAVIRUS • Mutation • Genetic recombination • Mouse hepatitis or chicken virus • (BT) TRADE, TRAVEL, TOURISM

  7. WEST NILE VIRUS -CDC

  8. WEST NILE VIRUS HUMAN CASES & DEATHS 4161 cases 277 deaths Feb ‘03 1460 62 66 21 1999 2000 2001 2002 (17Sep) -Science 2002:297:1988

  9. WNV: A DISEASE OF WILDLIFE • 230 SPECIES • INFECTED IN 2002 • 134 Bird spp., Raptors • 14,045 Horses • Zoo Penguins & Macaques • Reptiles – Fla. Alligators AVIAN FLYWAYS

  10. LYME DISEASE 1980s 1990s TICK DISTRIBUTION IN SWEDEN -Lindgren & Gustafson. Lancet 2001;358:16

  11. CHANGES IN MONTANE REGIONS

  12. Cryosphere Plants Mosquitoes

  13. Range Expansion of Soybean Cyst Nematode in North America Crop Pests Generations/Year From: Rosenzweig et al., GC & HH 2001;2:90

  14. HURRICANE MITCH 1998 HURRICANE MITCH

  15. HURRICANE MITCH IMPACTS ON HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT DISEASE CLUSTER -- Malaria (>30,000 cases) -- Dengue fever (>1,000) -- Cholera (>30,000) -- Leptospirosis

  16. Poor Communities & Developing Nations Oil-related health consequences Extraction: Nigeria, Ecuador, Mexico Refining & benzene Utility plants & mercury Air pollution & inner city truck routes Extreme weather events Economic inequities Vulnerabilities – coping, adaptation, restoration, prevention, public health infrastructure But no nation is immune Mozambique

  17. EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS & DISEASE CLUSTERS

  18. WEATHER ANOMALIES, TRAVEL HAZARDS • and TRAUMA • Fog, Ice Storms & Road Travel • Floods & Mudslides • Ice Instability, Heavy Precipitation & Avalanches • Infrastructure Damage and Water Q&Q • HEALTH & ECONOMIC IMPACTS

  19. SST Anomalies October 14 2002 Freshening of the North Atlantic

  20. Deep Ocean Warming Levitus et al. Science 2000; 287: 2225

  21. FRESHENING OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC Hoerling and Kumar, Science 2003 ;299: 691

  22. OIL LIFE CYCLE COSTS Harm Marine Mammals Shore birds Fisheries Consumers Livelihoods Spills & Leaks Exploration Extraction Transport Refining Transport MERCURY Air Pollution Eutrophication NOxs Acid Rain Combustion Warming Oceans Coral Reefs SLR EWEs Melting Polar Ice Climate Change

  23. EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASESHumans Wildlife Trees Crops Coral Marine Life

  24. Costs of Extreme Weather Events UNEP Projections $150 Billion/yr w/in the Decade w/ Current Trends

  25. BENEFITS & OPPORTUNITIES • Energy Efficiency (EE) • Renewable Energy (RE) Technologies • “Green Buildings” & Smart Growth • Transport and Transit Systems • Ecological Reconstruction • Retrofitting Infrastructure JOB CREATION THE ENGINE OF GROWTH for the 21st CENTURY • FINANCIAL INCENTIVES • & MARKET SIGNALS

More Related