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Math Extra Credit

Math Extra Credit. By: Astrid Pedroza Period:6 November 30-2010. Prime & Composite Numbers. Prime numbers- A number that has EXACTLY 2 factors, itself and 1. Example: 2, 3, 5, 7 Composite numbers- A number that has 2 or more factors. Example: 10, 9, 8, 6. Simplifying Fractions.

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Math Extra Credit

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  1. Math Extra Credit By: Astrid Pedroza Period:6 November 30-2010

  2. Prime & Composite Numbers • Prime numbers- A number that has EXACTLY 2 factors, itself and 1. Example: 2, 3, 5, 7 • Composite numbers- A number that has 2 or more factors. Example: 10, 9, 8, 6

  3. Simplifying Fractions • To simplify a fraction you have to divide by the gcf. Example: 3/63/3 = 1/3 8/16 8/8 = 1/8

  4. Converting Fractions & Decimals • When converting a fraction into a decimal you must divide. Example: ¼_4/1= 0.25 3/8_8/3= 0.375 • Converting a decimal into a fraction you have to use 10. Examples: 0.3 = 3/10 - 0.29 = 29/100 0.199 = 199/1000

  5. Converting Fraction into Percents CONVERTING FRACTIONS INTO PERCENTS • Step 1: Divide; Numerator Denominator. • Step 2: Move the decimal point 2 places to the RIGHT. • Step 3: Add a percent sign (%) Example: 6/20 20/6= 0.3_0.30 30%

  6. Converting Percents into Fractions • Step 1: Put the number over 100 • Step 2: Reduce Examples: 64% = 64/100 2/2 = 32/50 2/2 = 16/50 45% = 45/100 5/5 = 9/25 88% = 88/100 5/5 = 44/50 2/2 = 22/25

  7. Converting Percents into Decimals • Step 1: Remove % sign • Step 2: Move the decimal point 2 places to the LEFT . Examples: 29% = 29 = 0.29 163% = 163 =1.63 5% = 5 = 0.05

  8. Converting Decimals into Percents • Step 1: Move the decimal point 2 places to the RIGHT. • Step 2: Add % sign Example: 0.62 = 62% 0.8 = 80% 1.96 = 169% 15 ½ = 1.55 12.63 = 1263% 0.009 = .9%

  9. Ordering Rational Numbers • Least to Greatest • 3 Examples 1. -5, -3, -1, 7 2. -6, -4, -2, 0, 8, 12 3. -6, -4, 0, 1/8, 0.3, 9/10, 1

  10. Unit Rate • Unit Rate is the ratio of two measurements in which the second term is 1. • Some common unit rates are miles per hour, cost per item, earnings per week, etc. • Example: If Ximena earns $180 in 20 hours, then unit rate of her earnings is given as: 180/20 = 4 per hr.

  11. Proportions • Proportions- An equation stating that 2 ratios are equal. • Examples: 20/5 = 40/10 6/c = 24/28 24c= 6x28 24c= 168 c=7

  12. Percent of a Number • Every statement of percent involves three numbers. Example,8 is 50% of 16. • 8 is called the Amount. 50% is the Percent. 16 is called the Base. The Base always follows "of."   • Examples: $300 in 60 hrs = 300/6 = $50 220 miles on 8 gallons = 220/8 = 27.5 mpg Ham Bad Size: 8 Cost: $9.88 = 8/9.88 = $1.23 per lbs

  13. Consumer Math • Sales Tax- Amount added to original price • List Price- Original price • Total Cost- List price + Sales Tax Formula: LP x Rate = Sales Tax Examples: What is the sales tax on $110 @5% ST? 110 x 0.05 = $5.50 What if the total cost of grocery if they are listed at $74.50 and there is a 7% sales tax? 74.50 x 0.07 = 5.22 $74.500+5.22= $79.72

  14. Consumer Math • Discount- The amount by which the list price is reduced • Sales Tax: LP-D • Rate of Discount- The % of discount Tent $50 @ 17% discount Skateboard $149 @ 35% discount What’s the sales price? D= LP x Rate D= LP x D D= 50 x 0.17 D= 149 x 0.35 D= 8.50 D= 52.12 What’s the sales price? SP= LP-D SP= LP-D SP= 149 x 52.12 SP= 50-8.50 SP= $96.85 SP= $41.50

  15. Consumer Math • Using all steps in consumer math. Coat $310 @ 25% discount: 6% sales tax D=LP x R D= 310x0.25 D=$77.50 SP= LP-D SP=310-77.50 SP=232.50 ST= LP x R ST=232.50x0.06 ST=13.95 TC= LP+ST TC= 232.50+13.95 TC= 246.45

  16. Consumer Math • Simple Interest Interest: Principle x Rate x Time in Years Principle: The amount deposited or borrowed Example: Principle= $8000 Rate= 6% Time= 7 years I= PRT I= 8000x06x7 I= 3360

  17. Adding Integers • Rule 1: If they have the SAME SIGN , ADD them and use their sign. Examples: -3+-5= -8 6+3=9 • Rule 2: If they have different signs subtract (BIG-Small) and use the sign of the bigger number. Examples: 16+(-9)=7 -96+36= -61

  18. Subtracting Integers • Rule: Same Change Change Examples: -9 + -9 = -9 – 9= 0 -32 + 21 = -32 – (-21)= -11

  19. Multiplying and Dividing Integers • Rule: Positive Negative Examples: Pos. x Pos. Pos. x Neg. 2x3=6 -6x-7=-42 Neg. x Neg. Neg. x Pos. 5(-3)=15 -9x8=-72 Pos./ Pos. Pos./Neg. 25/5 = 5 -32/8=4 Neg./Neg. Neg./Pos.

  20. Integers • Absolute Value Absolute Value- The distance a number is in the number line. Example: -9 = 9 -C=C Z=Z • Ordering Integers Example- Least to greatest: -5, -3, -1, 0, 6, 91 • Comparing Integers Examples: -15>(-17) -13>0

  21. Order of Operations • Parenthesis ( ) • Exponents • Multiplicative or Divide (Left to Right) • Add or Subtract (Left to Right) Example: 100-6x5/3+25 100-30/3+25 100-10+25 90+25 115

  22. One-Step Operations • Inverse Operation: Opposite operation And & Subtract - Multiply & Divide Examples: 3V/3 = -39/3 V= 13 C-8=3 C= 11 19+e=40 e=21 -19 -19

  23. Two-Step Operations • Step1: Add or Subtract • Step2: Multiply or Divide Examples: 2g+3= -11 –(-3) 2g= -14 -3 g= -7 5f-1=14 5f/5=15/5 +1 +1 f=3

  24. Coordinate Graphing Y axis II (+,+) (-,+) I X axis III (+,-) (-,-) IV Example of coordinate plane

  25. Coordinate Graphing - 10 . TABLE - 9 RULE: X+3=Y - 8 X Y - 7 7 10 - 6 - 5 - 4 - 3 - 2 - 1 10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 -1 -2 -3 - 4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 Example of coordinate graphing

  26. Properties • Commutative Property: In addition and multiplication, the order doesn’t matter. Examples: 9x8=72 8x9=72 3+5=8 5+3=8 • Associative Property: Grouping numbers together that are easy to work with (Addition & Multiplication) Examples: 6x23x10 = (13x10)x6 3+61+7 = (3+7)+61

  27. Properties • Distribute Property: Distribute your number though the problem using multiplication Example: a(Z x Y) = a (Z) + a (Y) = aZ+aY • Inverse Property: State that when a number is combined with its inverse, it is equal to its identity. Example: Inverse of a is - a so that a + (- a) = 0.

  28. Probability • Probability: The measure of how likely an event is. • Event: One or more outcomes of an experiment. • Experiment: Situation involving chance or probability that leads to results called outcomes. • Outcome: result of a single trial of an experiment. Example: A spinner has 4 equal sectors colored yellow, blue, green and red. What are the chances of landing on blue after spinning the spinner? What are the chances of landing on red? Answer: ¼ because there is one red section out of four. And ¼ because there is one blue section out of four.

  29. Venn Diagrams • Venn Diagrams compare two or more things thing that are different from each other. Examples:

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