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9.1 Vertebrate Nervous System

9.1 Vertebrate Nervous System. 2 Main Divisions: CNS and PNS CNS: Central Nervous System the bodies coordinating centre for mechanical and chemical actions. Brain and Spinal Cord PNS : Peripheral Nervous System

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9.1 Vertebrate Nervous System

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  1. 9.1 Vertebrate Nervous System • 2 Main Divisions: CNS and PNS CNS: Central Nervous System the bodies coordinating centre for mechanical and chemical actions. Brain and Spinal Cord PNS : Peripheral Nervous System allparts of the nervous system (excluding brain and spinal cord) that relay information between the CNS and other parts of body . Not covered in bone. Has 2 divisions: Autonomic and Somatic

  2. DIVISIONS of the NERVOUS SYSTEM

  3. SOMATIC NERVES • Voluntary control • Skeletal muscle, bones, skin • Sensory somatic nerves relay info. About the environment to the CNS • Motor somatic nerves initiate a response

  4. AUTONOMIC NERVES Special motor nerves that control the internal organs of the body Has 2 Divisions: Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Sympathetic: stimulatory, prepares body for stress Parasympathetic: calming, returns body to normal Together they operate as “on-off” switches

  5. Neuron –Nerve Cell • 2 difft. types of cells exist in NS.: Glial & Neurons • Glial: nonconducting, structure support and metabolism role • Neurons: functional units of NS (3 categories) • Sensory Neurons (afferent) • Motor Neurons (efferent) • Interneurons: link neurons within body,primarily in brain and s cord. Integrate and interpret sensory info. Connect neurons to outgoing motor neurons.

  6. Sensory neurons • Carry impulses from sensory receptors to CNS • Ex eye photoreceptors,nose tongue chemoreceptors • Relay in clusters called ganglia outside of the sp. Cord

  7. Motor and Sensory Neuron

  8. Motor Neurons • Carry impulses from CNS to effectors • Muscles, organs, glands

  9. STRUCTURE of a NEURON

  10. NERVE

  11. Axonal Bouton-Terminal

  12. Neuron Structure • Cell Body (soma): Receives,processes and coordinates info Axon: carries nerve impulses away from cell body Dendrites: Carry impulses, info to the cell body Myelin Sheath: insulated covering over axon Nodes of Ranvier: gaps in myelin along axon Schwann Cells: glial cells that produce myelin Bouton: end of axon, contains neurotransmitters Neurilemna: membrane surrounding some axons, promotes regeneration of SOME damaged neurons, not grey matter

  13. REFLEX ARC

  14. SUMMARY

  15. HOMEWORK • PAGE 417 # 4-6

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