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Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson. 7 th President. Andrew Jackson. Elections of 1824 & 1828. John Q. Adams and Andrew Jackson were opposing candidates in both of these elections John Q. Adams had a controversial win over Jackson in 1824

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Andrew Jackson

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  1. AndrewJackson 7th President

  2. Andrew Jackson

  3. Elections of 1824 & 1828 • John Q. Adams and Andrew Jackson were opposing candidates in both of these elections • John Q. Adams had a controversial win over Jackson in 1824 • Jackson supporters were determined that their candidate would win in 1828.

  4. The Democratic Party was formed by Jackson supporters to promote his candidacy • Jackson wins the election of 1828 and quickly becomes known as “President of the Common People” • born in a log cabin • parents were farmers • was a patriot in the Revolutionary War • war hero from the War of 1812

  5. Spoils System • President Jackson fired many federal government workers and replaced them with his own supporters (political backers) • A Jackson supporter explained it: “To the victors belong the spoils” meaning that since Jackson had won the election, they had the rights to the benefits (spoils) of the victory (such as getting a government job)

  6. Spoils System: Replacing government employees with the winning candidate’s supporters • Kitchen Cabinet: Jackson’s informal group of trusted advisors who sometimes met in the White House kitchen

  7. Questions: • Who is John Quincy Adams? • What happened in the election of 1824? • What happened in the election of 1828? • What is the Democratic Party? • What is the Spoils System? • What is the Kitchen Cabinet?

  8. Indian Removal Act of 1830 • Andrew Jackson pressured Congress to pass a law authorizing the removal of Native Americans who live EAST of the Mississippi River to move WEST • Five Tribes: Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole. • WHY did he want this law passed? • Congress established the INDIAN TERRITORY: US land in what is now Oklahoma-- and planned to move Native Americans there

  9. To manage Indian removal to western lands, Congress approved the creation of a new government agency, the BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS • The Cherokee, in Georgia, fought to keep their land which was given to them by a previous treaty.

  10. These Cherokee tried to adopt white culture by learning to read and write in English and modeled a government after the US Government • Once gold was found on their land, the state of Georgia’s militia started forcing the Cherokee to move • The Cherokee sued Georgia. The case went to the Supreme Court and the court ruled in favor of the Cherokee

  11. Georgia ignored the ruling of the Supreme Court • President Jackson did nothing force Georgia to follow the ruling. • Jackson’s response? “John Marshall (the chief Supreme Court Justice) has made his decision; now let him enforce it.”

  12. By not enforcing the Court’s decision, Jackson violated his presidential oath to uphold the laws of the land • However most citizens and members of Congress did not protest Jackson’s response

  13. Trail of Tears • In 1838, US Troops began to move all Cherokee to the Indian Territory • After the Cherokee were removed, Georgia took all their businesses, farms, and property • The 800-mile march from Georgia to Oklahoma became known as the TRAIL OF TEARS

  14. The Cherokee suffered from disease, hunger, and harsh weather. • About 1/4 of the 18,000 Cherokee died along the way

  15. Questions: • What is the Indian Removal Act of 1830? • Where was Indian Territory established? • What is the Bureau of Indian Affairs? • What was the Trail of Tears?

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