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LAB PROCEDURES

LAB PROCEDURES. THINGS YOU SHOULD AND SHOULDN’T DO IN LAB. LAB BOTTLES. RETURN stock bottles to side shelf as quickly as possible. - Do not dispense chemicals at the side shelf . Replace CAP immediately and securely.

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LAB PROCEDURES

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  1. LAB PROCEDURES THINGS YOU SHOULD AND SHOULDN’T DO IN LAB.

  2. LAB BOTTLES • RETURN stock bottles to side shelf as quickly as possible. - Do not dispense chemicals at the side shelf . • Replace CAP immediately and securely. - do not leave caps on table or put on different bottle.

  3. LAB BOTTLES • Never dip SPATULA or PIPETTE into stock bottle. • Never return EXCESS MATERIAL to stock bottle. • Use a ROLLING MOTION to get a small amount of solid from a stock bottle.

  4. LAB BOTTLES • Take SMALL AMOUNTS of chemicals - don’t waste.

  5. DISPOSAL OF WASTE • SOLUBLE, HARMLESS substs. - wash down the drain with lots of water. • ACIDS - neutralize in washing soda soln. and put down drain. • HARMFUL CHEMICALS - put in special, marked containers provided.

  6. DISPOSAL OF WASTE • BROKEN GLASS and HARMLESS INSOLUBLE SOLIDS - in waste bucket - no paper. • PAPER - in proper trash can - NO GLASS in trash can. • MATCHES - in soda (pop) cans.

  7. LEARN PROPER NAMES OF ALL APPARATUS.

  8. BUNSEN BURNERS • Learn to LIGHT AND ADJUST different burners properly. - Blue flame with 2 cones. - 5 - 8 cm, little or no roaring. • Use FISHER BURNERS only where high temp. is needed. • Become familiar with aVARIETY OF BURNERS.

  9. MANIPULATION OF GLASS TUBING A. Cutting • Make 1 scratch with a triangular file. • Protect your hands with paper towel. • Point scratch away from yourself and others. • Pull ends toward you in a quick snapping motion. • Fire polish both ends.

  10. MANIPULATION OF GLASS TUBING B. BENDING • Use wing tip (flame spreader). • Heat evenly entire area to be bent. • Remove from flame and bend slowly. • Place hot glass on ceramic tile.

  11. MANIPULATION OF GLASS TUBING • HOT GLASS AND COLD GLASS LOOK THE SAME!!

  12. HEATING A TEST TUBE • HOLD near the top with a test tube holder. • Don’t allow the FLAME to touch the holder. • FILL test tube less than half full.

  13. HEATING A TEST TUBE • SLANT test tube. • POINT test tube away from others. • MOVE test tube in flame - Constant Motion. • Heat BELOW the surface of the liquid.

  14. HEATING A TEST TUBE • Know the difference between BOIL and HEAT.

  15. POURING LIQUIDS • Hold at ARMS LENGTH. • Pour OVER SINK. • RINSE outside of bottle when finished. • Pouring from REAGENT BOTTLE, hold lip to lip.

  16. POURING LIQUIDS • Pouring from TEST TUBES, hold lip to lip. • Use a STIRRING ROD when pouring from a beaker.

  17. USING FILTER PAPER WITH FUNNEL • Fold paper in fourths. • Open so paper resembles a cone. • Place paper in funnel so that 1 cm of funnel is exposed. • Wet paper with solvent (usually water).

  18. USING A FUNNEL • Use funnelaire, filter rack, or iron ring to support funnel. • Make sure stem of funnel is touching side of beaker.

  19. USING A FUNNEL • Keep filter filled to about 1cm from top of filter paper.

  20. TRANSFERRING SOLIDS • If transferring a small amount, use a spatula. • Remember never dip into stock bottle.

  21. TRANSFERRING SOLIDS • If transferring larger amounts use a small piece of paper. • Put solid on paper. • Roll paper or fold in half to pour solid.

  22. DETECTING ODORS • Use a wafting motion to detect odors. • Never deeply inhale fumes. • Never put your face directly over chemicals to detect odors.

  23. INSERTING GLASS TUBING INTO RUBBER STOPPER • Find stopper with proper size hole. • Should fit snugly. • Lubricate tubing and stopper with glycerin or water. • Don’t use too much.

  24. INSERTING GLASS TUBING INTO RUBBER STOPPER • Insert with twisting motion. • Don’t push too hard. • End of tubing should be below the level of the liquid.

  25. DECANTING • Decanting - Pouring a liquid off of a settled solid. • Use a stirring rod. • Pour slowly.

  26. USING TEST PAPERS • Never dip test papers into liquid. • Place test paper on glass square. • Using a clean stirring rod, place a drop of liquid to be tested on paper.

  27. USING TEST PAPERS • Litmus paper is used to test for acid or base. • Cobalt chloride paper is used to test for the presence of water. • Must be dry (blue) before use.

  28. HEATING • CRUCIBLES, EVAPORATING DISHES, and any other porcelain or ceramic apparatus should be heated using a pipe-stem triangle as a support.

  29. HEATING • BEAKERS, FLASKS, and other glassware should be heated using a wire gauze as a support.

  30. CLEAN UP • SEE “Good Housekeeping” HANDOUT. • Keeping your area clean is your responsibility. • Always WASH HANDS before leaving lab.

  31. ALWAYS BE SAFE!!!

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