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Simple Concepts in Irrigation

Learn about irrigation conservation methods, efficient scheduling, equipment selection, and water-saving practices to optimize your landscaping while minimizing water waste. Discover practical tips for reducing water consumption outdoors.

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Simple Concepts in Irrigation

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  1. Simple Concepts in Irrigation

  2. Irrigation Conservation is Needed • Households with in ground spinkler systems use 35% more water outdoors (AWWA) • Households with automatic timers use 47% more water outdoors (AWWA)

  3. Mechanical Controler • Easy to set • Must manually turn on timer • Automatic shutoff

  4. Battery Operated In-line Hose end

  5. Automatic Timer • More difficult to set • Automatically turns irrigation on • Automatic shutoff

  6. Underground Valves

  7. Irrigation Scheduling • Know the rules in your area • Schedule for conservation What days? What hours? Stay out of trouble

  8. Check your Ordinances Backflow Prevention may be required to prevent your irrigation system from contaminating water supplies Watts.com

  9. How much water? • Rule of thumb: • Shrubs: up to once a week - apply one gallon of water per foot of plant height • Lawns: up to once a week - • up to one inch per application • Trees: up to once a week • one inch of water under entire • canopy *It’s best to water infrequently, deep and early in the morning

  10. How do I know how long I need to irrigate? Set out tuna cans or rain gauges randomly throughout your lawn Measure how much water was applied and calculate how long it will take to apply the water you need

  11. Check Uniformity of Application Set out tuna cans or rain gauges randomly throughout your lawn Individually turn on each irrigation zone for 15 minutes. check to be sure irrigation is uniform adjust heads if irrigation isn’t uniform

  12. Hit the target Check for leaks Don’t water the pavement

  13. Reduce irrigation when demand is low Evaporative Water Loss - Inches

  14. Rain Cutoff Install an automatic rain cutoff device Don’t water in the rain!!!

  15. Moisture Meter Another option for improved conservation

  16. Spray Irrigation Used to irrigate large uniform areas

  17. Convert to Drip Irrigation Conserve by watering individual plants

  18. Drip System

  19. Drip Irrigation Retrofit Kits

  20. Pressure Regulator

  21. Filter

  22. Check your Water Supply Flow Rate (gallons per hour) = (Bucket size in gallons / Seconds to fill) * 3600 seconds per hr. * .75 Example: 5 gallon bucket took 30 seconds to fill 5 / 30 x 3600 x .75 = 450 gallons per hour

  23. Pipes and fittings

  24. Emitters • - Many shapes and styles • Flow rate 0.5 – 10 gal./hr • Pressure compensating • Do not mix drip with micro spray

  25. Layout Example: 300 mature plants (4 feet tall) - Plant requirement – 4 gallons - Total requirement: 300 x 4 = 1200 gallons - Supply = 450 gallons per hour Possible Solutions: • One zone, ½ ghp emitters for 8 hours (150 gph) • One zone, 1gph emitters for 4 hours (300 gph) • Two zones 2 ghp emitters for 2 hours (300 gph)

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