Adams Spent life studying politics Favored a large Federal Government

1. Adams Spent life studying politics Favored a large Federal Government Not well liked; described as a “cold personality.” Viewed as a wealthy aristocrat. Jackson From Rural Tennessee Favored small Federal Government Well liked; very charismatic Gained respect of “everyday” Americans Represented the “Self-Made man”

2. The Election!! Clay CRAWFORD 3 States 3 States 13 % 13 % 37 electoral 41 electoral Adams JACKSON 6 states 11 States 42 % 32 % 99 electoral 84 electoral

3. The Election!! HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Clay CRAWFORD 3 States Not enough votes--- OUT 13 % 41 electoral JACKSON Adams 11 States 6 states 42 % 12TH AMENDMENT 32 % 99 electoral 84 electoral

4. The Corrupt Bargain John Q. Adams and Henry Clay Jackson thought he was cheated out of the presidency. Clay was given a position in the cabinet for helping Adams win. WHY?

5. The Unpopular President: John Quincy Adams WHY? News of corrupt bargain bothered people; Many of his programs were disliked.

7. The rise of democracy! Jackson won presidency in 1828. Most of his support came from the South, West, and Eastern factory workers. 2. Democratic Party

8. THE SPOILS SYSTEM Although this practice had been quietly followed by previous presidents, Jackson openly defended it. He declared shortly after his election, “To the victor belong the spoils of the enemy.” After being elected, Jackson fired many government employees and replaced them with his supporters.

9. Party Symbols by Thomas Nast • Democrat -humble -smart -persistent But……. -stubborn -homely Republican -dignified -strong -conservative But……. -bungling -pompous

12. The Indian Removal Act was passed byCongress and provided federal funds to remove N.A. from eastern U.S.

13. At first Native Americans refused. Jackson used his powers as President and sent troops. They were forced to sign treaties at gun point. John Ross led march to Oklahoma. Brutal weather………….. ………….frozen grounds… ………….heavy burdens…………………many, many died……………….

14. Evaluate the impact Forced to reservations in Oklahoma Territory. Those who resisted were imprisoned or killed. Many died on the journey West. Lands were taken from them.

15. Trail of Tears (1838-1839)

17. Osceola Makes War Seminole leader who refused to give up land in Florida and declared war against the federal government. (drove a knife through the treaty) “I love my land and I will not go from it.” 1837- captured - put in prison in North Carolina He died in January 1838

18. 3. Map represents the Trail of Tears.4. As a result of the Indian Removal Act, the Cherokee were forced westward.

21. 5. Martin Van Buren After two “successful” terms in office, Jackson did not run again. Martin Van Buren of New York, Jackson’s Vice President, won election of the presidency in 1836 8th President

24. Problems National Bank had closed. Many states began to print paper money at a rapid pace. Banks did not have enough specie to back up the money. Prices increased. Speculators were everywhere. Too many people used “credit.”

25. Panic of 1837 Jackson demanded =land only be bought with specie. (gold, silver) Land prices fell. People could not pay debts. Banks could not recover loans they had made. People panicked. In a domino effect, the prices of cotton dropped and the price of manufactured goods in the Northeast also fell, and farmers out west had a bad crop due to bad weather. depression=businesses decline; jobs are lost

26. The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly! Van Buren = government should leave the economy alone the panic took a while to be relieved

27. Van Buren =The Federal Treasury to prevent another panic…..

28. 6.William Henry Harrison

29. The Election of 1840 The Whigs =rich and well-to-do, wanted to change this image. They to wanted candidate that could appeal to the common people. They chose war hero William Henry Harrison.

30. 7. The Log Cabin Campaign With Americans having no way of knowing Harrison’s true past, the Whigs bombarded the nation portraying Harrison as a simple, frontiersman. The key to their campaign was saying that Harrison was born in a log cabin. His campaign became known simply as the “Log Cabin Campaign”. The strategy worked.

31. The Death of William Henry Harrison Harrison was only in office for one month. While campaigning, he got sick, and then gave his acceptance speech in very bad weather. 8. Harrison caught pneumonia, and died. His Vice President, John Tyler, became the first Vice President to become president upon the death of an acting president.

32. WHY TRAVEL TO OREGON COUNTRY? 9. Fertile soil, mild climate, and fur bearing animals

33. CHAPTER 13 WESTWARD EXPANSION

34. CLAIMING OREGON COUNTRY • 10. • U.S. • Great Britain • Russia • Spain

35. The Doomed Donner Party April, 1846 – April, 1847

36. The Doomed Donner Party CANNIBALISM • Of the 83 members Donner Party, • only 45 survived to get to California! James Reed & Wife

37. IMPORTANCE OF MOUNTAIN MEN

38. Westward Expansion

39. 11. Evaluate the IMPORTANCE OF MOUNTAIN MEN Davy Crockett Jedediah Smith James Beckworth Jim Bridger Manuel Lisa showed Indian trails to settlers heading west discovered mountain passes that later became major roads and routes led journeys up major rivers

40. 12. Rendezvous – -discuss events-happenings-trade-communicate-fun

41. Yellowstone National Park First national park established in 1872.

42. 13. Missionaries- first white Americans to settle permanently in Oregon/helped Native Americans/ helped create interest in the WestMarcus and Narcissa Whitman

43. 14. Oregon Trail

44. Problems? 15. Cholera and other diseases

45. Section 2 The Republic Of Texas

46. Key Figures in Texas Independence, 1836 16. Stephen Austin Mexico wanted settlers to develop the land and help control Indian attacks Stephen Austin

47. Conflict between Mexico and American Settlers 17. -Texas settlers felt no loyalty to Mexico -Mexico feared losing Texas due to so many Americans coming in. 1830: banning of Anglo-immigration

48. Mexican Constitution = Gone 18. Santa Anna Dictator

49. Declaring Independence March 1836 Sam Houston