GHW Bush & Iraq

1. GHW Bush & Iraq Unit 1 Lesson 2 Section 33.4

2. Objectives • Identify GHW Bush’s foreign policy successes. • Explain why GHW Bush had to break his “No New Taxes” pledge. • Analyze how our actions in Iraq in 1991 set the stage for war again in 2001.

3. Warm Up • Identify Reagan’s successes and failures as President.

4. Review Lesson 1 • Goals of New Right? • Govt out of economy • Restore values • End govt social welfare programs • Tactics of New Right? • Televangelism • Voter Registration • Why Reagan Victory? • Carter Ineffective • Iran Hostage Crisis • Economic Recession • 3 Parts of Reaganomics? • Tax Cuts • Deregulation • New Federalism • Plan to Defeat “Evil Empire”? • Increase size of forces • Increase defense spending • Increase arsenal • Support “freedom fighters” • Relations with USSR at end? • “Friendly” with Gorbachev (glasnot & perestroika) • INF Treaty

5. 1988 Election: George H. W. Bush http://youtu.be/DF9gSyku-fc http://youtu.be/Sx5X3Jd8DI4 Democrats Still Control Congress

6. Foreign Policy Successes • “Iron Curtain” falls 1989 • Polish Solidarity Mvmt • Czech’s Velvet Revolution • Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria • Fall Berlin Wall 11/9/89 • Reunification 1990 • Dissolution of the USSR • Gorby resigns (12/91) • Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) • Boris Yeltsin - Russian Pres • Arms reduction talks • START • US sole superpower! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=snsdDb7KDkg

7. Tiananmen Square (89) • Communist China • Students protest in Beijing • Democratic reform • Army injures or kills 1000s. • Bush quiet on issue http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hc9T10WLF3w

8. Persian Gulf War (90-91) • Aug 2 1990 – Iraq Invades Kuwait • Claim territory • Needed oil $ to pay debts on war w/Iran • US Concerns • Oil reserves ($ in US) • Security Saudi Arabia (ally) • Pursuit WMD

9. Persian Gulf War (90-91) Operation Desert Shield Operation Desert Storm Aug 8 - US troops to Saudi Arabia Nov 29 – UN Resolution Colin Powell Air Strikes Jan ‘91 Norman Schwarzkopf Ground Offensive Feb ‘91 6 Week UN/US Victory Saddam Hussein left in power Burn oil reserves = high $$$ http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/100best/storyD_story.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tJGs2BDKq5g&feature=related

10. Operation Iraqi Freedom (03) • Post Desert Storm • Expel UN weapons inspectors • Brutal Oppression • Post 9/11 “Axis of Evil” • WMD • UN (Hans Blix) returns 2002 • Report: No WMD • Bush asks UN to use force • US & 30 nation coalition (Oct 02) • March 19, 2003 –1st Strike • April 9 – Baghdad falls • May 1 – Bush “Mission Accomplished” speech • Dec 13 – Saddam captured • Tried & Executed 2006

11. Post War Iraq (03-10) • US Troops • Rebuild infrastructure & organizations • Withdraw Aug 2010 • 2005 • New Constitution • President Jalal Talabani • PM Nuri al-Maliki • Council of Representatives • Iraq Today • Unstable Govt • Continued violence

12. ~ Cost of Iraq War (03-10) • 4,408 US dead • 31, 921 US wounded • 26K Iraqi fighters killed • 125 K Iraqi civilians killed • $806 Billion http://costsofwar.org/

13. Bush’s Downfall • Clarence Thomas Confirmations • Broke “No New Tax” Pledge to help reduce growing budget deficit. • 1990s Recession • High gas prices (Gulf War) • End Cold War military industries – layoffs/downsizing • Cut social spending, raised taxes • Lost re-election 1992 • Conservative base fell apart

14. Closure • How did 1991 Persian Gulf War set us up to return to war with Iraq in 2003?