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Pertti Kansanen Professor of Education University of Helsinki Department of Applied Sciences of Education. Background of didaktik. Comenius, Kant, Herbart Die Reformpädagogik: Kerschensteiner, Gaudig, Petersen, etc. Die geisteswissenschaftliche Didaktik
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Pertti Kansanen Professor of Education University of Helsinki Department of Applied Sciences of Education
Background of didaktik • Comenius, Kant, Herbart • Die Reformpädagogik:Kerschensteiner, Gaudig, Petersen, etc. • Die geisteswissenschaftliche Didaktik Dilthey >Nohl, Spranger, Weniger > Klafki • Empirical-analytical DidaktikHeimann, Schulz, Otto • The German educational system; state guidelines and teacher education
First Chairs of Education First Chair at Halle 1779 (Trapp) England, Scotland, USA in the 1870s ------------------------------------------------- Finland: Helsinki 1852 (Stenbäck) Sweden: Uppsala 1908 (Hammer) Norway: Oslo 1909 (Anderssen) Denmark: Copenhagen 1955 (Grue-Sørensen)
Herbart-episode in the USA • Herbart Club in the National Educational Association (1892) • National Herbart Society for the Scientific Study of Teaching (1895) • National Society for the Study of Education (NSSE) (1901)
Herbart and John Dewey • John Dewey one of the members of the editorial board of the Herbart Club • The Herbart-episode lasted c. 12 years • The great popularity of the translated German didaktik books • The Americans embraced the psychological part of the German didaktik
Parallel development • Die Reformpädagogik in Germany • Progressivism in the USA • New Education Fellowship;Helen Parkhurst, Carleton Washburne, Maria Montessori, Peter Petersen • Educational Psychology • Geisteswissenschaftliche Didaktik
The Nature of Education Descriptive • Objective • What we know about teaching? • Research • Knowledge-based Normative • Take a stand • What is good teaching? • Making decisions • Ideologies
didaktik - the missing link? Simon, B. (1981). Why no pedagogy in England? In B. Simon & W. Taylor (Eds.), Education in the eighties (pp. 124-145). London: Batsford. Hamilton, D. (1999). The pedagogic paradox (or why no didactics in England?). Pedagogy, Culture & Society, 7(1), 135-152. Alexander, R. (2004). Still no pedagogy? Principle, pragmatism and compliance in primary education. Cambridge Journal of Education, 34(1), 7-33.
Pedagogy Towards social goals Teaching and the teacher In the service of the state Isocrates Context: Curriculum Education Learning for its own sake Learning and the student Striving for thruth Platon Context: Situational Hinchliffe, G. (2001). Education or pedagogy? Journal of Philosophy of Education, 35(1), 31-45.