1 / 20

Lecture 5c 4 Feb 2013 Atherosclerosis - Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals

Dive into the effectiveness of functional foods vs. nutraceuticals in atherosclerosis management. Explore the impact of various oils and supplements on lipids, platelets, blood pressure, and obesity. Discover potential benefits and limitations.

kfarney
Download Presentation

Lecture 5c 4 Feb 2013 Atherosclerosis - Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Lecture 5c 4 Feb 2013 Atherosclerosis - Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals

  2. Functional foods are only marginally capable of modifying the factors involved in atherosclerosis relative to nutraceuticals -Are functional foods of any value regarding prevention or improvement of the atherosclerotic process?

  3. Class activity - Factors that limit use of nutraceuticals

  4. Nutraceuticals Note: none= no studies found in humans Lipids -fish oils -lowers triglycerides-mechanism is controversial -modest decrease or no impact on cholesterol and LDLc -may slightly increase or decrease or have no impact on HDLc what does that perhaps say about the mechanism of triglyceride lowering?

  5. Lipids -evening primrose oil- -most effective at lowering cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic persons -rise in HDLc only in hypertriglyceridemics -inverse relationship in response between triglycerides and HDLc

  6. Lipids -borage oil -no impact of up to 1.3 g GLA /day -5.24 g GLA/day no impact

  7. Lipids -blackcurrant oil- -drops triglycerides, LDLc and total cholesterol and raises HDLc especially in hyperlipidemics -normolipidemics there is no effect to date

  8. Lipids -fungal oil -very successful at lowering cholesterol and LDLc in animals -only human trial mixed in algal oil- problem with this? -rich in b-carotene- antioxidant potential

  9. Lipids -garlic capsules -LDLc and cholesterol is lowered modestly 10–15 % -allicin fingered though mechanism is not clear -atheroma regression -reduction of oxidation of lipids -may play a role in reduced platelet activity since oxidized LDL has been suggested to more aggressively increase platelet reactivity- Jialal at UC-Davis disputes this

  10. Lipids Beta-carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C -antioxidant principles some have suggested an atheroma lessening though this is controversial

  11. Platelets -fish oils platelet phospholipid -reduction of arachidonic acid -increased EPA-poor cyclooxygenase substrate -generates thromboxane A3 weakly pro-aggregatory -PGI3 –very antiaggregatory

  12. Platelets -evening primrose oil -DGLA-generates PGI1 -PGI1-antiaggregatory evening primrose oil-some show an increase in aggregation at higher GLA doses (300 mg/day) -at lower doses (<300 mg GLA/day)- decreased aggregation

  13. Platelets -borage oil- no impact of up to 1.3 g GLA /day -5.24 g GLA/day increased aggregation -higher doses-hyper-reactivity – possibly due to formation of a hydroxy DGLA -blackcurrant oil-mix of omega 3 and 6 -none

  14. Platelets -fungal oil-mix of omega 3 and 6 (some species omega 6 only) -lowers platelet aggregation in animals -garlic capsules -lower aggregation in vitro problem with in vitro -usually washed or platelet-rich plasma -bleeding times are better- Ivy bleeding time

  15. Blood pressure - more elaboration when we get to hypertension Changes occurs in both systolic and diastolic where changes indicated -fish oils-modest blood pressure lowering – in part eicosanoid PGI3 (possibly -no PGI3 human studies found) related -also drops in AA- related eicosanoids

  16. BLOOD PRESSURE -evening primrose oil -modest drops (possibly PGI1- no human PGI1 studies found) -PGE1 related -borage oil-more pronounced drops than evening primrose oil observed -blackcurrant oil- most pronounced drops of the studies done

  17. Blood pressure -fungal oil -none- lowered in SHR rats -garlic capsules -lower blood pressure- see nitric oxide-allicin fingered

  18. Obesity -olive oil -may result in weight loss -mechanism obscure -fish oils -none -evening primrose oil -one study-no effect

  19. Obesity -borage oil -none -blackcurrant oil -none -fungal oil -decreased body fat content in animals- high oleic content in fungal oil -garlic capsules -none

  20. Renal Disease Blood pressure lowering-more when we get to renal Various Pathogens -no nutraceuticals yet studied that specifically alleviate the problems of infection that are hypothetically linked to atherosclerosis Nitric oxide -garlic capsules- increase in nitric oxide production

More Related