Writing Names and Formulas for Compounds

1. Writing Names and Formulas for Compounds

2. Naming A-metal compounds • Rules for naming A-metal compounds: • Ex. LiF • 1) Write the name of the metal (lithium) • 2) write the name of the non-metal, changing the ending to –ide (fluoride) • The name would be lithium fluoride

3. A-metal practice • MgCl2 • NaBr • AlN • K3N • Ca3P2 magnesium chloride sodium bromide aluminum nitride potassium nitride calcium phosphide

4. All non-metals and their proper -ide ending • nitride • oxide • fluoride • phosphide • sulfide • chloride • arsenide • selenide • bromide • telluride • iodide • astatide

5. Writing formulas for A-metal compounds • Ex. magnesium fluoride ( teacher will review Lewis formula way first) Oxidation number = the charge on an ion Steps • Write the symbol for the metal (Mg) • Determine the ox. Number/charge on it (+2)- so overall you will write- Mg+2 • Do the same for the non-metal ion (F-1)

6. Writing formulas for A-metal compounds continued So far we have Mg+2 and F-1 Remember that all ionic compounds are overall. + and - = zero overall Neutral 4) The final step is to add enough ions of each to make the compound neutral overall. Would a compound containing one magnesium ion (with a +2 charge) and one fluoride ion (with a –1) charge be neutral overall? NO! overall would be +1, not neutral.

7. Writing formulas for A-metal compounds continued Mg+2 and F-1 - this is where we left off How many fluoride ions would the formula need to be neutral overall? TWO! Thus the formula should be… MgF2 Mg+2 F-1 F-1 = 0

8. Writing formulas for A-metal Let’s Try Another Ex. aluminum bromide Write the symbols: Al Br Determine the charges: Al+3 Br -1 Add enough of both ions to make it neutral What will the formula be? AlBr3

9. Writing formulas for A-metal Let’s Try Another Ex. lithium oxide Write the symbols: Li O Determine the charges: Li+1 O-2 What will the formula be? Li2O

10. Shortcut • SOXS Symbols Oxidation # Criss-cross Simplify!

11. Practice writing formula of A-metal compounds • Try these on your own • calcium oxide • calcium fluoride • sodium nitride

12. Practice answers Ex. calcium oxide Symbols with charges: Ca+2 O-2 What will the formula be? CaO

13. Practice answers Ex. calcium fluoride Symbols with charges: Ca+2 F-1 What will the formula be? CaF2

14. Practice answers Ex. sodium nitride Symbols with charges: Na+1 N-3 What will the formula be? Na3N

15. Try this one- it’s tougher Ex. aluminum oxide Symbols with charges: Al+3 O-2 What will the formula be? Hint: more than one of each is needed. Try having two of the odd charged ion. (Al+3 +3 is the odd charge) Al+3 Al+3= +6 charge total: -6 is now needed O-2 O-2 O-2 = -6 charge +6 -6=0 Al2O3 Thus the formula is

16. Another tough one.. Ex. Magnesium phosphide Symbols with charges: Mg+2 P-3 What will the formula be? Try starting with two of the odd charge. P-3 P-3 = -6 Mg+2 Mg+2 Mg+2 = +6 Thus the formula is Mg3P2

17. Let’s finish up A-metals… • Try these tough ones on your own • beryllium nitride • aluminum sulfide • strontium arsenide

18. Practice answers Ex. beryllium nitride Symbols with charges: Be+2 N-3 Be3N2 What will the formula be?

19. Practice answers Ex. aluminum sulfide Symbols with charges: Al+3 S-2 Al2S3 What will the formula be?

20. Practice answers Ex. strontium arsenide Symbols with charges: Sr+2 As-3 What will the formula be? Sr3As2

21. Naming Compounds when given the formula Jump to T-metals • Activity • Go forward to T-metal before this activity

22. Writing Formulas activity • Yellow - Blue - White cards

23. Formulas • Remember, all ionic compounds are neutral overall. • Neutral!!!!!! • Throughout this activity you must remember this

24. Writing Formulas: A-metals • Lithium Fluoride • Sodium chloride • Magnesium oxide • Calcium Fluoride • Magnesium chloride • Aluminum fluoride • Lithium nitride

25. Strontium sulfide • francium telluride • Aluminum iodide • Beryllium phosphide • Cesium nitride • Potassium iodide • Sodium selenide

26. Writing formulas for T-metal compounds • Ex. Iron III oxide • Rules • (Roman numeral indicates the charge!) • Write the symbols for both elements • Write the charges for both elements • Determine how many of each is needed for the compound to be neutral. A) try having two of the odd charge Fe O Fe+3 O-2 Fe +3 Fe+3 = +6; so –6 is needed Fe2O3 Formula? O-2, 0-2, O-2 = -6

27. Practice Writing formulas for T-metals Titanium II oxide Write symbols with charges: Ti+2 O-2 Determine formula: TiO Cobalt IV oxide: Symbols/charges: Co +4 O -2 CoO2 Formula?

28. Writing Formulas- T-metals • Copper I chloride • Copper II chloride • Titanium II fluoride • Titanium IV Fluoride • Iron II oxide • Iron III nitride • Copper I Sulfide

29. Writing Formulas- tougher ones • Calcium phosphide • Magnesium nitride • Aluminum sulfide • Iron III oxide (rust) • Titanium II oxide • Titanium IV sulfide • Titanium IV phosphide

30. Writing Names Activity Pink-Green- White cards

31. Writing names: A-metals LiF lithium fluoride Na2S LiCl CaO Al2S3 Mg3P2

32. Naming T-metal compounds • Ex. TiO2 • Note: All names will contain a roman numeral • The Roman numeral will be the charge on each T-metal (see middle of PC) • The charge will always be positive • **The key is to determine the charge on the T-metals**.

33. Naming T-metal compounds • Ex. TiO2 • Rules for naming T-metals • 1) Write the formula for the compound Ti O2 2) Write the charge of the non-metal Ti O2-2 3) Determine the charge on the T-metal… a) first determine the total negative charge O-2 O-2 = -4 total so +4 total needed to be neutral b) Determine what the charge of each metal must be to make it neutral. TiO2- this formula only has 1 Ti and 2 oxygens O-2 O-2 = -4 / Ti+? = 0 Ti+4

34. Naming T-metal compounds Ti+4O2-2 • So far we have… The roman numeral in the name of this compound is determined by the on the T-metal. charge Thus the name will be… Titanium oxide IV Remember, the + charge = the Roman numeral

35. Let’s do another Ni2 S3-2 • Ex. Ni2S3 • Write formula – show the non-metal’s charge: Find the total negative (-) charge: Find the charge on each (+) ion Two Ni 3 S Ni+? Ni+? +3 +3 S -2 S -2 S –2 THE FASTER WAY -6 total +6 total +? +6 needed Ni2 S3-2 Name? Nickel sulfide +3 on each Ni -6 total III Name? Nickel sulfide III

36. Here’s another… Cr2O7-2 • Ex. Cr2O7 • Write formula with non-metal’s charge: Find the total negative (-) charge: O -2 O -2 O -2 O –2 O –2 O –2 O –2 Find the charge on each (+) ion Cr+? Cr+? +7 +7 THE FASTER WAY +14 -14 +? +14 needed Cr2 O7-2 -14 total Name? chromium oxide +7 on each Cr VII Name? chromium oxide VII

37. Here’s another… Au2S-2 • Ex. Au2S • Write formula with non-metal’s charge: Find the total negative (-) charge: Find the charge on each (+) ion Au+? Au+? +1 +1 THE FASTER WAY S -2 +2 -2 +? -2 total +2 needed Au2 S-2 Name? gold sulfide +1 on each Au I Name? gold sulfide I

38. Here’s another… fast way only Fe2O3-2 • Ex. Fe2O3 • Write formula with non-metal’s charge: Find the total negative (-) charge: Find the charge on each (+) ion +6 -6 +? Fe2 O3-2 +3 on each Fe Name? iron oxide III

39. Here’s another… fast way only CrN2-3 • Ex. CrN2 • Write formula with non-metal’s charge: +6 -6 +? CrN2-3 +6 on each Cr Name? chromium nitride VI

40. Here’s another… fast way only Fe2O3-2 • Ex. Fe2O3 Find the total negative (-) charge: Find the charge on each (+) ion +6 -6 +? Fe2 O3-2 Jump to activity Writing NAMES +3 on each Fe Name? iron sulfide III

41. Writing names T-metals FeO NiCl2 TiO2 Cu2O3 CrF2 CoS2

42. Writing names: mixed metals AlCl3 CoN Fe2O3 Ca3P2 NiO Cr2O5

43. Naming formulas mixed metals Cu2O K3P CrN2 MgF2 NiP Ti2S

44. Activity last page:Naming formulas mixed-metals TiS2 K2S FeN3 Cr2O7 Al2O3

45. Names/ formulas mini-quiz A and T metals CaO FeCl3 Al2O3 1) calcium oxide 2) iron III chloride 3) aluminum oxide 4) nickel I sulfide 5) lithium nitride 6) MgCl2 7) Cu3N 8) K3P 9) FeO 10) TiO2 Ni2S Li3N magnesium chloride copper I nitride potassium phosphide iron II oxide titanium IV oxide

46. Naming Covalent compounds • Covalent compounds contain non-metals only • Use prefixes to state how many atoms of each element there are • Remember, there are no charges in covalent compounds (electrons are shared).

47. Naming Covalent compounds • Here are the prefixes • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 mono di tri tetr(a) pent(a) hex(a) hept(a) oct(a) non(a) dec(a)

48. Naming Covalent compounds mono di tri tetr(a) pent(a) hex(a) hept(a) oct(a) non(a) dec(a) Rules for naming: • Be sure the compound only has non- metals before using prefixes • Use prefixes* to state how many atoms there are of each element • * never start a name with “mono” Ex. CO2 1 carbon/ 2 oxygens *carbon dioxide • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10

49. Naming Covalent compounds mono di tri tetr(a) pent(a) hex(a) hept(a) oct(a) non(a) dec(a) N20 dinitrogen monoxide CO carbon monoxide OF2 oxygen difluoride CF4 carbon tetrafluoride • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10

50. Naming Covalent compounds mono di tri tetr(a) pent(a) hex(a) hept(a) oct(a) non(a) dec(a) If the letter “a” and “o” are side by side (ao), drop the “a” Example: N2O5 dinitrogen pentaoxide becomes… • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 dinitrogen pentoxide: (drop the a) P4O10 tetraphosphorus decaoxide tetraphosphorus decoxide