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The Phoenicians were among the first to devise an alphabet.

Expanding Networks: Writing. Cool!. Alphabetic writing systems appeared in the later second millennium BCE. These systems used a small number of symbols, or letters, to represent sounds. Letters could be arranged in countless ways to form words.

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The Phoenicians were among the first to devise an alphabet.

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  1. Expanding Networks: Writing Cool! • Alphabetic writing systems appeared in the later second millennium BCE. These systems used a small number of symbols, or letters, to represent sounds. • Letters could be arranged in countless ways to form words. • The Phoenicians were among the first to devise an alphabet. • Because they were sailors and merchants, the idea of alphabetic writing spread wherever the Phoenicians traveled. • During the first millennium BCE alphabetic writing spread from the Mediterranean region to India.

  2. Expanding Networks: Religions What is a world religion? It’s a belief system that embraces people of differing languages and cultural traditions. Religions that spread during Big Era Four were: Hinduism Judaism Buddhism Christianity

  3. Growth of World Religions In Big Era Four Hinduism From lst millennium BCE Buddhism From 5th century BCE Christianity From 1st century CE Judaism Communities scattered widely in Southwest Asia, Northern Africa, and Europe, especially from the first century CE. Outline Map: Microsoft Encarta Reference Library 2002

  4. Expanding Networks: Religions When people carried a new religion from place to place, they also often took along • A writing system (This was useful in teaching holy scripture.) • Trade goods (Religion was a basis of trust among merchants.) • Art styles (Religious ideas were often expressed in painting, sculpture, and architecture.)

  5. So, what have we learned about two key developments of this era? Population growth and networks

  6. Population growth in Big Era Four was linked to the expansion of agriculture. Increases in population density and job specialization in farming communities led to the creation of more and larger cities. Population Growth Expanded networks of exchange allowed people, goods, and ideas to move thousands of miles. The development of alphabetic writing systems speeded up the transfer of information. Also, people who met, shared ideas, and conducted business with one another helped spread new world religions across Afroeurasia. Expanding Networks of Exchange

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