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Canine Reproduction and Breeding

Canine Reproduction and Breeding. Factors to Consider Before Breeding. Availability of a good home Health Status Hereditary Disorders Behavioral problems Registration. Reproductive Tract of Female. Ovaries Oviducts Uterus Cervix Vagina Vulva. Reproductive Tract of Male.

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Canine Reproduction and Breeding

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  1. Canine Reproduction and Breeding

  2. Factors to Consider Before Breeding • Availability of a good home • Health Status • Hereditary Disorders • Behavioral problems • Registration

  3. Reproductive Tract of Female • Ovaries • Oviducts • Uterus • Cervix • Vagina • Vulva

  4. Reproductive Tract of Male • Testicles -Bulbus Glandis • Epididymis -Prepuce • Vas deferens -Scrotum • Prostate • Urethra • Penis • Os Penis

  5. Estrous Cycle of the Female • Sexually mature when they exhibit their first heat period. • Reach sexual maturity at 6-16 months of age depending on the breed and size. • Typically come in heat twice a year • The average estrus period lasts 9 days, but can range from 2-21 days.

  6. Estrous Cycle of the Female • All mature larger dog breeds ovulate more eggs than smaller breeds. • Eggs are fertilizable for 12-72 hours after they are released.

  7. Reproductive Cycle of the Male • Male dogs reach sexual maturity at varying ages, depending on breed and size, just like females. • Most males are sexually mature and can produce sperm at 10 months. • Testosterone (male hormone) is responsible for the development and maintenance of male sex characteristics, sexual behavior, and spermatogenesis.

  8. Mating • Both the male and female dog should be 18-24 months of age before • Ovulation usually occurs on the second day of estrus • Dogs can be artificially inseminated • Sperm can live and be viable for up to 7 days

  9. Pregnancy • Fertilization takes place a few days after mating. • Gestation period lasts between 56-66 days and the average is 63 days • Ultrasound should be performed at 20-30 days. • Birth is known as whelping

  10. Whelping • A week before the estimated due date, the female should be introduced to the whelping area and the whelping box. • This area should be dry, warm, draft-free, secluded, and quiet. • Supplemental heat may need to be provided. • This process usually does not require assistance.

  11. Whelping • About 12-24 hours before labor begins the rectal temperature drops from a normal 101.5 to less than 100 F • She loses her appetite, becomes restless and lethargic, and her abdomen becomes very extended.

  12. Postpartum Care • Female will return to normal habits 24 hours after whelping. • Puppies must get colostrum within 12-24 hours!!

  13. Common Reproductive Problems • Silent heat • Prolonged heat • Vaginitis– infection of vagina • Cryptorchidism- one or both testicles are held in the body cavity • Orchitis- infection of the testicles • Dystocia- difficult labor

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