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Responsible Canine Breeding: Myths and Facts

Learn how to responsibly breed dogs, avoid common myths, and prioritize the well-being of your pets. Understand the reproductive phases, breeding management, and considerations to become a responsible breeder.

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Responsible Canine Breeding: Myths and Facts

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  1. Canine Reproduction

  2. Reproduction • Animals for breeding should be excellent representatives of their breed • Decision to breed should not be made without a specific goal in mind

  3. Myths and Considerations Regarding Breeding of Dogs and Cats • People breed dogs and cats for many reasons • Decision to bring new life into the world should be made following serious consideration • Being a responsible breeder requires deliberate thought and effort

  4. Myths and Considerations Regarding Breeding of Dogs and Cats • Many myths and "faulty" reasons • Breeding dogs/cats is a good way to make money • My children should see the miracle of birth • My dog/cat is really great, and I want to have another dog/cat just like her • Raising a litter is so much fun • My pet will miss out on an important part of life if is not given the opportunity to reproduce • We can find good homes for the puppies/kittens

  5. Canine Reproduction • Four phases in females (not spayed are called bitches) • Typically have 2 estrus or “heat” periods per year (about 6 months apart), each lasting about 2 to 3 weeks • First heat occurs between 6 and 15 months of age, depending on the size of the dog (later in larger breeds; earlier for small breeds) • Females can become pregnant during their first heat or any later heat period

  6. Canine Reproduction • Proestrus - Start of heat. Lasts 7 to 10 days. Vulva swells and blood flows. Females attract males but will not allow mounting • Estrus - Mating period. Lasts 5 to 10 days. Blood flow lessens and then stops. Females attract and accept males. Ovulation occurs during this time, usually 2 to 3 days after mating • Diestrus - The period 10 to 140 days after heat, when the dog is either pregnant or in a resting phase • Anestrus - The resting period between diestrus and the next heat cycle

  7. Canine Reproduction • During estrus there is variation within dogs • smaller breeds release fewer oocytes resulting in smaller litter sizes than larger breeds • Polytocous = ovulating multiple oocytes and bearing multiple offspring or litters

  8. Canine Reproduction • Breeding management of dogs • Gestation length • 63 days from first breeding • Ranges from 58 to 68 days • Imminent delivery • Drop in rectal temperature • Will drop from 100ºF to 98ºF - 99ºF about 8 to 12 hours before labor

  9. Canine Reproduction • Intact males do not have a cycle • Will respond to females in heat any time of the year • Most fertile when full grown

  10. Canine Reproduction • The swelling of the bulbusglandis, once inside the female reproductive tract, causes the copulatory tie • After intromission, the male steps down from the mounting position • During the tie, the two animals are physically unable to separate • lasts 5-60 minutes, and will separate after this time • damage can be done to the reproductive tracts if separated unnaturally

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