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Review your notes from Friday, Monday, & Tuesday for your quiz.

Review your notes from Friday, Monday, & Tuesday for your quiz. Peasants, Trades, & Cities. New Agriculture. After invasions, people settled & food increases Cultivate land by cutting down trees & draining ditches

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Review your notes from Friday, Monday, & Tuesday for your quiz.

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  1. Review your notes from Friday, Monday, & Tuesday for your quiz.

  2. Peasants, Trades, & Cities

  3. New Agriculture After invasions, people settled & food increases Cultivate land by cutting down trees & draining ditches Iron used to make scythes, axes, & hoes for farming; also nails & hammers for building

  4. New Agriculture Carruca- wheeled plow with iron plowshare (turns heavy clay soils); very heavy Used 6-8 oxen (very slow) Carruca & animals were very expensive (bought by village) Effect: growth of farming villages Crop rotation

  5. Manorial System Manor- agricultural estate that a lord ran & peasants worked(became serfs) Serfs- bound to the lord and the land; provide labor services, pay rent, & subject of lord’s control Build barns, dig ditches, paid rent with food, used lord’s land, paid tithes to church Serfs couldn’t leave manor without lord’s permission or marry outside people

  6. Life of Peasants & Serfs Cottages made of wood; 1 or 2 rooms; hearth for heating & cooking Aug. & Sept. harvest time especially bread for winter Oct. planted for winter crops Nov. slaughter livestock; not enough food to feed animals through winter Feb. & March land plowed for spring crops Summer- sheepshearing& weeding *worked their land & lord’s land* Holidays (feast days)

  7. Revival of Trade Growth of major cities (Italy & Flanders) due to trade City life was dirty; water & air pollution; danger of fires Venice build mercantile fleet Flanders trade high quality woolen cloth Trade fairs where people traded furs, spices, silk, etc. Trade increased & demand for gold & silver coins arose Money economy- economic system based on money rather than trade

  8. Revival of Trade Craftspeople organize guilds (business associations) Set standard of product, price, & number of people in craft Apprentice- young person to learn trade; not paid but gets free room & board (5-7yrs) Journeymen worked for master for money Worked on masterpiece to produce final piece which gets judged to become a master Once a master, join guild

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