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Learning objectives

Learning objectives. Hydrocarbons. Bonds. Alkanes. Alkanes. Name. Formula. Methane Ethane Propane Butane Pentane Hexane Heptane Octane Nonane Decane And so on. CH 4 C 2 H 6 C 3 H 8 C 4 H 10 Work out the empirical formula . Bigger Alkanes. No. of carbons. name. 11 12 13

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Learning objectives

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  1. Learning objectives

  2. Hydrocarbons

  3. Bonds

  4. Alkanes

  5. Alkanes Name Formula • Methane • Ethane • Propane • Butane • Pentane • Hexane • Heptane • Octane • Nonane • Decane • And so on • CH4 • C2H6 • C3H8 • C4H10 • Work out the empirical formula

  6. Bigger Alkanes No. of carbons name • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 30 • 31 • 40 • 50 • 100 • Undecane • Dodecane • Tridecane • Tetradecane • Pentadecane • Icosane • Henicosane • Docosane • Triacontane • Hentriacontane • Tetracontane • Pentacontane • Hectane What would be the names of straight chain alkanes containing 33 and 47 carbons?

  7. Isomers

  8. Butane isomers

  9. The number of possible isomers increases with chain length Name and (no. of carbons) Number of possible isomers • Butane (4) • Pentane (5) • Hexane (6) • Heptane (7) • Octane (8) • Nonane (9) • Decane (10) • Pentadecane (15) • Icosane (20) • Tetracontane (40) • 2 • 3 • 5 • 9 • 18 • 35 • 75 • 4347 • 366 319 • 62 491 178 805 831

  10. Naming isomers

  11. Types of formulae • There are four ways of showing formulae of organic compounds • Look at these examples for decane • 1. Molecular formulae: C10H22 • 2. Condensed structural formulae: • CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 • 3. Structural formulae • 4. Line structure:

  12. Applying the IUPAC rules

  13. Alkyl groups

  14. Other side groups Other options include aromatics – see later lessons and metals such as Iron, copper etc.

  15. Plenary

  16. Themesforinvestigating: AliphaticHydrocarbons

  17. Product of investigation- • 1. Each of youwillform a new group to share whatyouhavelearnt and thisyouwill show on a poster. • 2. Eachgroupwilldevelopanactivity to helpreinforcelearningwiththewholeclass. • 3. Eachgroupwillprovide a presentation to give to thewholeclass • 4. Theclasswill complete 5 exercisesbasedonthesefivethemes. • 5. Members of eachgroupwill be responibleforhelpingstudents to clarifyanyfurtherdoubts once themarkedworkisreturned to them.

  18. Rubric

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