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Introduction to Zoology

Introduction to Zoology. Classification of Animals. Review. Biology is the study of life… So what makes something living?. All living things must:. M ade up of at cells that contains genetic material (DNA) Obtain and use energy Grow (increase in size, mature, develop, etc.)

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Introduction to Zoology

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  1. Introduction to Zoology Classification of Animals

  2. Review • Biology is the study of life… • So what makes something living?

  3. All living things must: • Made up of at cells that contains genetic material (DNA) • Obtain and use energy • Grow (increase in size, mature, develop, etc.) • Metabolize (have a need and use for energy) • Respond to stimuli

  4. That’s all fine and good, but when do we get to the animals? • Zoology-__________________ • Two Major Categories: • Vertebrates-have a backbone • Invertebrates-do not have a backbone • Vertebrate or Invertebrate?

  5. Characteristics of Animals • Multicellular (eukaryotes) • Nearly all reproduce sexually • Specialized cells/tissues/organs • Motility (ability to move) • Consumers/heterotrophs

  6. Life Processes 1.) Locomotion: • ___________-can move from one location to another on their own • ___________-cannot move from place to place, but do have moving parts Sessile Motile

  7. Ingestion • Ingestion-take in food • Digestion-chemical breakdown of food • Assimilation- using the substances obtained from food and utilizing it for growth • Respiration-taking in O2 and breaking down glucose to release energy

  8. So now that we’ve got all these animals, how do we make sense of it all? • TAXONOMY! • Taxonomy-Science of classifying organisms and assigning each organism a universally accepted name.

  9. Linnaean Classification System • Created by Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778) • Before Linnaeus, organisms were classified based on their type of locomotion and physical characteristics • Problem? Names were too long, and people describe things differently. • Rosa sylvestris inodora seu canina • Rosa sylvestris alba cum rubore, folio glabro Rosa canina

  10. Utilizes binomial nomenclature- a two • name system (genus and species) • _________________________________ • Ex: Homo sapiens

  11. Scientific Name • First name is _______; second name is ________ • 3 Rules For Scientific Name • Italicized or underlined • Genus name is Capitalized • Species name is lower-case • Example: Tursiopstruncatus

  12. The Modern Classification System • 7 Taxa: • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  13. Kings Play Chess On Fat Girl’s Stomach

  14. ANIMALIA!! Kingdom _____________ • Has 7 Major Phyla • Porifera • Cnidaria • Annelida • Mollusca • Arthropoda • Echinodermata • Chordata

  15. Phylum Porifera • Porifera- “pore bearer” • _______________ • Simplest of all animals • Filter feeders • No true tissues or organs

  16. Phylum _________________ CNIDARIA • Includes hydras, sea anemones, jelly fish, and coral • Have stinging cells for defense and prey capture • Simple body plan (gastrovascular body cavity with one opening)

  17. Phylum _______________ ANNELIDA • Annelid- “little ring” • Includes marine worms, earthworms, leeches • Cute Segmented Bodies

  18. Phylum ______________ MOLLUSCA • Includes snails, octopusses, squids, clams, mussels, conchs, etc. • Soft Bodied • Have a mantle lining the shell

  19. arthropoda Phylum __________ • “jointed foot” • Most diverse group • Most numerous • Have an exoskeleton (outer hard covering is their skeleton)

  20. Phylum ___________________ echinodermata • Includes sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and brittle stars. • Radially symmetrical • Posess a water vascular system- fluid filled channels that function in gas exchange, locomotion and feeding.

  21. Phylum chordata • Characterized by the presence of a vertebral column • Fish • Amphibians • Reptiles • Birds • Mammals

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