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Dietary reference values (DRVs)

Dietary reference values (DRVs) . Learning objectives To know about the development of Dietary Reference Values. To understand Estimated Average Reference (EAR) values. To understand Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI) values. To understand Lower Reference Nutrient Intake (LRNI) values. .

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Dietary reference values (DRVs)

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  1. Dietary reference values (DRVs)

  2. Learning objectives To know about the development of Dietary Reference Values. To understand Estimated Average Reference (EAR) values. To understand Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI) values. To understand Lower Reference Nutrient Intake (LRNI) values.

  3. Nutritional requirements People require a variety of nutrients to stay healthy and reduce the risk of diet-related diseases. The amount of each nutrient needed is called the nutritional requirement. These are different for each nutrient and also vary between individuals and life stages, e.g. women of childbearing age need more iron than men.

  4. Why do you think nutritional requirements vary? Individual requirements of each nutrient are related to: age; gender; level of physical activity; state of health. Some people absorb or utilise nutrients less efficiently than others and so will have higher than average nutritional requirements.

  5. Nutrient requirements: Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) In the UK, most of the estimated dietary requirements for particular groups of the population are based on advice that was published by the Committee on Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy (COMA) in the 1991 report Dietary Reference Values for Food Energy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom. These are known as the Dietary Reference Values (DRVs). Since this time, COMA has been superseded by the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). From time to time, SACN has reviewed the evidence for particular nutrients but in most cases has not identified a need to change the DRVs.

  6. Nutrient requirements DRVs are estimates of the requirements for groups of people and are not recommendations or goals for individual people. There are three types of estimates: Estimated Average Requirements (EARs); Reference Nutrient Intakes (RNIs); Lower Reference Nutrient Intakes (LRNIs).

  7. Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) This is an estimate of the average requirement for energy or a nutrient. Approximately 50% of a group of people will require less energy or nutrient, and 50% will require more. No. of people EAR Requirements

  8. EARs SACN has also published new reference values for daily energy requirements as follows: Children and teenagers

  9. EARs Adults

  10. Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI): The RNI is the amount of a nutrient that is enough to ensure that the needs of nearly all the group (97.5%) are being met. The RNI is used for recommendations on protein, vitamins and minerals. No. of people RNI Requirements

  11. Example RNI (Vitamin A)

  12. Lower Reference Nutrient Intake (LRNI) The amount of a nutrient that is enough for only the small number of people who have low requirements (2.5%). The majority of people need more. No. of people LRNI Requirements

  13. This table shows the proportion of the UK population who have intakes below the LRNI as highlighted below. Vitamin & mineral intakes: % below LRNI What conclusions can be drawn from this table? Source: National Diet and Nutrition Survey, Rolling Programme Years 1, 2 and 3, 2008-2011

  14. Dietary reference values DRVs are important for ensuring adequate intakes of energy and nutrients throughout life. Many health concerns and illnesses may be linked to malnutrition. The DRVs assist in preventing malnutrition.

  15. Dietary reference values In summary: EAR is used for energy. The EARs for energy are based on the present lifestyles and activity levels of the UK population. RNI is often used as a reference amount for population groups. LRNI is a useful measure of nutritional inadequacy.

  16. Question True or false? Nutritional requirements are the same for everyone. True False

  17. False. Nutritional requirements are different for everyone. Next question

  18. Question True or false? Estimated Average Requirements are set for vitamins and minerals. True False

  19. False. Estimated Average Requirements are set for carbohydrate and fat. Next question

  20. Question True or false? DRVs are targets for individuals to meet. True False

  21. False. DRVs are set for populations, not individuals. The end

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